HIMEMIKO*WEB tag:www.himemiko.info,2008://1 2008-02-09T10:28:16Z Movable Type 3.35 NOTICE OF DISSOLUTION FOR THE EXPANSION OF THIS WEBSITE本サイトの発展的解消のお知らせ tag:www.himemiko.info,2008://1.68 2008-02-09T10:28:19Z 2008-02-09T10:28:16Z I AM VERY PLEASED TO INFORM YOU OF THE ... Yuki I AM VERY PLEASED TO INFORM YOU OF THE REMOVAL OF THE CONTENT IN THIS WEBSITE TO WIKIPEDIA, GOOGLE AND OTHER WELL-KNOWN PROJECTS SO THAT MY IDEA I HAVE CREATED FOR YEARS CAN BE SEEN AND CORRECTED BY MORE AND MORE PEOPLE THAN IS KEPT WITHIN MY PERSONAL WEBSITE. THIS WEBSITE WILL BE CLOSED AFTER CERTAIN TERM OF SUSPENSION OF UPDATES. I WOULD LIKE TO THANK ALL OF YOU WHO HAVE LOVED, VISITED, SUPPORTED, COMMENTED TO AND MADE LINKS TO THIS WEBSITE FOR ALMOST TEN YEARS SINCE IT WAS SET UP IN NOVEMBER 1998. Yuki, the webmaster February 9, 2008.
本サイトのコンテンツをWikipediaやGoogleその他有名なプロジェクト上に移し、本サイトは、一定期間更新を停止したあと、閉鎖することとしました。私が長年創り上げてきたアイディアを、自分の個人サイトに置いておくよりも多くの人々に見てもらい、よりよいものとするためです。 1998年のサイト設立以来10年近くにわたり本サイトを愛してくださった方、遊びに来てくださった方、支援してくださった方、コメントを残してくださった方、リンクしてくださった方、すべてに感謝申し上げます。 2008年2月9日 管理人 Yuki]]> Medical Treatment in This Period 　この時代の医療 tag:www.himemiko.info,2007://1.67 2007-05-20T11:05:31Z 2008-02-09T00:27:09Z NOTICE FROM WEBMASTER管理者からのお知らせA part o... Yuki

NOTICE FROM WEBMASTER
管理者からのお知らせ

A part or whole of the text of this page is brought to English and/or Japanese versions of Wikipedia. This page will be deleted before long.
このページのテキストの一部又は全部はWikipedia英語版・日本語版に持ち込まれています。このページは近日中に削除されます。

Chinese medicine was the main current in Japan in this era. The basics of this period's medical science was brought from China in the 5th through 6th centuries, and Chinese medical doctors became the leading faction in the 7th century. Herbs, animal's organs or minerals (totally they are called "galenical") or their mixtures were used as medicine. They were put in an earthen teapot together with some water, decocted so that the water evaporates in half, and served to a patient. Recent excavation works show that a big herb garden was alongside the palace of Asuka. Herbs planted in the garden were often served to Imperial members or high ranking officers who got ill. In addition to herbs or other drugs, there were some kind of meditation schemes in this period. Acupuncture and moxibustion were often practiced as medical treatment since 4th or 5th century. They enable to remove pain or restore health and well-being, changing blood flow induced by inserting acupuncture needles or burning moxa (mugwort herb) on patient's acupuncture points. Massage was also widely practiced as therapy. Chinese Tui Na massage was brought from China together with Buddhism. It focuses more on pushing, stretching and kneading the muscle. Shiatsu is a form of Japanese own massage scheme that uses thumb pressure in the body.
当時の日本の医療の主流は中国医学である。当時の医学の基礎は5～6世紀頃に中国からもたらされ、7世紀には漢方医が主流派となった。 植物、動物、鉱物（生薬）やそれらを調合したものが医薬として用いられた。これらの薬は土瓶に水と一緒に入れ、水が半分ぐらいになるまで煎じて患者に供された。 近年の発掘調査により、飛鳥京のわきに大きな薬草園があったことが明らかにされている。ここに植えられた薬草は病を得た皇族や高官に供された。 服用する薬以外にもいろいろな形での医療があった。鍼灸は4～5世紀頃からしばしば医療として用いられ、鍼や灸で患者のツボを刺激し血流を変化させることにより痛みを除いたり健康を回復したりさせるものである。 マッサージもまた広く用いられた。中国の推拿（按摩）マッサージが仏教とともに入ってきた。これは筋肉を按（押す）摩（撫でる）する方法である。指圧は日本独自に開発された治療法で、押すことを主体とした治療法である。
]]> <![CDATA[Tono Zuka & Hime Zuka, Chiba千葉・殿塚及姫塚]]> tag:www.himemiko.info,2007://1.66 2007-05-20T09:37:24Z 2008-02-09T00:27:40Z Hokoji Temple, located at Misakimachi I... Yuki

Hokoji Temple, located at Misakimachi Iwakuma, Isumi, Chiba, has two tombs named "Tono Zuka (Man's Tomb)" and "Hime Zuka (Women's Tomb)" near its site of a cathedral. A folklore says that Takechi no Miko was buried in Tono Zuka, and Towochi no Himemiko in Hime Zuka. People say that the two fell in love with each other.

千葉県いすみ市岬町岩熊にある法興寺の伽藍跡の近くに「殿塚」と「姫塚」という古墳がある。「殿塚」には高市皇子、「姫塚」には十市皇女が眠っていると民話は伝える。

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♣ Maps & Transportation 　地図及交通機関

Directions 　行き方

No available public transportation services around this area.
利用可能な公共交通機関はありません。
Driving Directions: Drive on Route 465. Take Chiba Prefectural Route 85 at "Kariya T-ji ro" intersection. Drive 4.5km north and then turn right. Drive 1.6km east and turn left. Drive north about 300m.
国道465号「苅谷T字路」交差点から県道85号を北上4.5km先を右折、1.6km東に行き左折、北へ約300m。

♣ Hours of Operation 　時間

Available 24 hours / 365 days 　24時間365日訪問可能。

♣ Admission Rates 　料金

Free of Charge 無料

♣ Parking Lot Information 　駐車場

A free space is on the road near the temple. Car parking is available for free of charge.
寺の近くの道路沿いに空き地があり無料で駐車可能。

]]> Tsutsumori Shrine, Chiba千葉・筒森神社 tag:www.himemiko.info,2007://1.65 2007-05-20T09:21:37Z 2008-02-09T00:27:59Z A folklore in the Chiba area says that ... Yuki

A folklore in the Chiba area says that Ohtomo no Miko did not die in the battle of Jinshin and he escaped from the Palace to the East with his wife, Towochi no Himemiko. According to the folklore, Towochi no Himemiko was pregnant and got sick when she arrived to the place named Tsutsumori, and died there because of the illness. People of that place felt sympathy for her and built this shrine commemorating her.

This shrine is propitious for an easy delivery.

大友皇子は壬申の乱で死なず、十市皇女とともに都から東国へ逃れたという伝承がある。十市皇女は筒森という地で妊娠中に病を得、そこで亡くなったとされている。里人はこれを悲しみ、皇女のためにこの神社を建てたという。

この神社は安産のご利益があるという。

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♣ Maps & Transportation 　地図及交通機関

Directions 　行き方

No available public transportation services around this area.
利用可能な公共交通機関はありません。
Driving Directions: Take Tateyama Expwy to Kisarazu-Kita IC. Off the exit, drive east on Route 409. Turn right Higashi Yokota Station intersection for Route 410. Turn right "Mariya" intersection onto Route 410. Drive south on Route 410 and east on Route 465.
館山道木更津北ICを出て国道409号、410号、465号。

♣ Hours of Operation 　時間

Available 24 hours / 365 days 　24時間365日訪問可能。

♣ Admission Rates 　料金

Free of Charge 無料

♣ Parking Lot Information 　駐車場

A free space is on Route 465 near the shrine. Car parking is available for free of charge.
神社近くの国道沿いに空き地があり無料で駐車可能。

]]> The Fujishiro Acclivity, Wakayama和歌山・藤白坂 tag:www.himemiko.info,2007://1.64 2007-03-11T12:06:45Z 2007-03-11T13:25:38Z The Fujishiro Acclivity, or Fujishiroza... Yuki

The Fujishiro Acclivity, or Fujishirozaka, is the place where Arima no Miko was executed on the 11th month, 11th day of 658, accused of treasonous activities. He was a son of Emperor Kotoku, who was a rival of Naka no Oh'ye no Miko. Naka no Oh'ye no Miko was anxious about the possibility of Arima no Miko's succession of the Imperial Dignity. Naka no Oh'ye no Miko made one of his subject, Soga no Akaye, to make Arima no Miko a proposition of rebellion. Arima no Miko was tempted, and he was caught and sent to Naka no Oh'ye no Miko. When he was questioned why he had plotted treason, he answered, "Heaven and Akaye know. I don't at all understand." After all, he was taken to the Fujishiro Acclivity and hanged himself to death. He was 18 years old when he was executed.

藤白坂は、斉明天皇4年11月11日に有間皇子が謀反の罪で処刑された場所である。彼は孝徳天皇の皇子で、中大兄皇子のライバルであった。中大兄皇子は有間皇子が皇位を告ぐ可能性をおそれ、彼の部下である蘇我赤兄をして有間皇子に謀反をけしかけさせた。有間皇子はこれに応じ、逮捕され中大兄皇子のもとへ送られた。中大兄皇子に糾問された折、「天と赤兄と知らむ。吾もはら知らず。」と答えた。そして、藤白坂にて絞首された。18歳であった。

]]> Arima no Miko's TombArima no Miko's TombArima no Miko's Tomb

His tomb is placed at the execution site of the Fujishiro Acclivity. It is located on a side of the Kumano ancient road.

有間皇子の墓が藤白坂の処刑地に建てられている。この墓は熊野古道の横にある。




♣ Maps & Transportation 　地図及交通機関

Directions 　行き方

Public Transportation Service: Take JR to Kainan station. Walk southwest for 20 minutes.
JR「海南」駅下車徒歩20分（路線検索）

♣ Hours of Operation 　時間

Available 24 hours / 365 days 　24時間365日訪問可能。

♣ Admission Rates 　料金

Free of Charge 無料

♣ Parking Lot Information 　駐車場

Parking is available in front of JR Kainan Station. (Free for the first 30 minutes. Additional 500JPY is charged for each 30 minutes.)
海南駅前に駐車場あり。（最初の30分は無料。以後30分ごとに500円）

]]> 698 through 700 　文武天皇2年～文武天皇4年 tag:www.himemiko.info,2007://1.62 2007-02-26T11:50:28Z 2008-02-09T00:29:06Z NOTICE FROM WEBMASTER管理者からのお知らせA part o... Yuki

NOTICE FROM WEBMASTER
管理者からのお知らせ

A part or whole of the text of this page is brought to English and/or Japanese versions of Wikipedia. This page will be deleted before long.
このページのテキストの一部又は全部はWikipedia英語版・日本語版に持ち込まれています。このページは近日中に削除されます。

Year
年		 Month / Date
月 / 日		 Events
出来事
698
文武天皇2年		 1 / 1 The Emperor receives the respects of the Ministers and public functinaries at the Front Hall.
天皇、大極殿に出て朝賀を受ける。
2 / 5 The Emperor proceeds to the district of Uchi.
宇智郡に御幸。
3 / 7 The plague is reported in the province of Echigo. Medical cares are given to the people of this province.
越後国で疫病が発生したとの報告。薬を支給し救援。
4 / 3 The plague arises in the provinces of Oumi and Kii Medical cares are given.
近江、紀伊にて疫病発生。薬を支給し救援。
4 / 29 A horse is presented to the deity of the mountain of Mizumari in Yoshino for praying for rain.
馬を吉野の水分の峯の神に奉じ雨乞い。
5 / 1 There is great drought in the provinces. Offerings are made to the shrines.
諸国に旱魃。これにより幣帛を諸社に奉る。
6 / 29 Tanaka Ason Tarimaro dies. Honorary rank of Jiki-kwo-ichi is confered to him for his great service for the Jinshin campaign.
田中朝臣足麿死去。壬申の乱の際の功績により直広壱を追贈。
7 / 1 An eclipse in the Sun.
日蝕。
8 / 19 The Emperor issues a decree that the use of the surname of Fujiwara should be limited to Fujiwara no Fuhito and his descendants because it was confered on his father, Fujiwara no Kamatari. The decree also says that any other relatives including Fujiwara no Womimaro are to use their former surname "Nakatomi," which is given to the family that is supposed to manage Shinto rituals.
藤原の姓を不比等に限り受け、意美麻呂等は神事に携わるので、旧姓に戻るよう詔。
8 / 26 Edicts are issued to prescribe the behavior on occupying the higher places at a Court assembly.
朝儀の礼を定める。
9 / 7 There is a storm at the province of Shimofusa. Houses of the farmers in the area are damaged.
下総国に大風。農民の庵などが損壊。
9 / 10 Taki no Himemiko is sent to the Abstinence Palace of Ise as the Saio.
多紀皇女を斎王として伊勢斎宮へ遣わす。
10 / 4 An edict is issued to priests saying that they are allowed to dwell in Yakushiji Temple as its construction is almost complete.
薬師寺の造営がほぼ完了したので、僧に詔し、その寺に住まわせる。
11 / 1 There is an eclipse in the Sun.
日蝕。
11 / 7 Envoys are sent to the provinces for great purification.
使いを諸国に遣わして大祓。
11 / 23 The festival of first-fruits is held.
大嘗祭。
699
文武天皇3年		 1 / 26 It is reported that Mukume, a Silla woman, gives birth to two boys and two girls at the same time.
新羅の女である牟久賣が一度に二男二女を産んだとの報告。
5 / 24 En no Ozunu is accused of confusing the mind of the people with his magic, and is banished to Izu.
妖術で人心を惑わせたとして役小角を伊豆に配流。
6 / 23 Prince Hyuga dies.
日向王薨去。
6 / 27 Prince Kasuga dies.
春日王薨去。
7 / 21 Yuge no Miko dies.
弓削皇子薨去。
8 / 8 Products from southern islands are offered to Ise Jingu and other shrines.
南の島の献上物を伊勢神宮及び諸社に奉る。
8 / 11 Presents are made to the public functionaries.
官人に禄を賜う。
9 / 25 Nittabe no Himemiko dies.
新田部皇女薨去。
10 / 13 Criminals other than those guilty of the ten crimes, thieves and robbers are pardoned.
十悪と強盗・窃盗を除く罪人を赦免。
11 / 1 An eclipse in the Sun.
日蝕。
12 / 3 Oh'ye no Himemiko dies.
大江皇女薨去。
12 / 20 Nakatomi no Womimaro is appointed the first Governor of the mint for cash.
始めて鋳銭司を置く。中臣意美麻呂を司とする。
700
文武天皇4年		 1 / 7 The rank of Jo-kwo-ni is confered to Nittabe no Miko.
新田部皇子に浄広弐を授ける。
1 / 13 A staft and a carriage are given to Tajihi no Mabito Shima.
多治比真人島に杖及び輿を賜う。
3 / 10 Priest Dosho dies.
僧道照死去。
4 / 4 Asuka no Himemiko dies.
明日香皇女薨去。
8 / 22 There is a pardon on criminals other than those guilty of the ten crimes, thieves and robbers. Gifts are made to elderly people.
十悪・盗人以外の罪人を赦免。高齢の者に品を賜う。
11 / 28 Kamo no Kimi Nukame of the district of Katsuragi-no-Kami gives birth to two boys and a girl at one time.
葛上郡の鴨君糠賣が一度に二男一女を生む。
12 / 26 The plague spreads within the province of Yamato. Medical care is made to rescue the province.
大和国に疫病。医薬を賜り救援。
]]> 697 　持統天皇11年／文武天皇元年 tag:www.himemiko.info,2006://1.47 2007-02-25T06:13:43Z 2008-02-09T00:30:03Z Mommu Tenno's accession 持統天皇譲位、文武天皇即位 Yuki

NOTICE FROM WEBMASTER
管理者からのお知らせ

A part or whole of the text of this page is brought to English and/or Japanese versions of Wikipedia. This page will be deleted before long.
このページのテキストの一部又は全部はWikipedia英語版・日本語版に持ち込まれています。このページは近日中に削除されます。

]]>
Month / Date
月 / 日		 Events
出来事
1 / 11 Presents of rice in ear of various values are given to those who from poverty are unable to support themselves, throughout the Empire.
貧者らに稲を賜う。
2 / 16 Karu no Miko, the son of Kusakabe no Miko, is made the Heir Apparent.
草壁皇子の子・珂瑠皇子、立太子。
2 / 28 Taema no Mabito Kunimi is appointed Grand Tutor of the Heir Apparent.
当麻真人国見を珂瑠皇太子の東宮大傅に任命。
3 / 8 A public great-congregation is held at the Eastern Palace (the Heir Apparent's Palace).
東宮御所にて大法会を開く。
4 / 7 - 14 The Empress stays in Yoshino.
吉野行幸。
5 / 8 Prayers are made for rain.
雨乞い。
6 / 2 Criminals are pardoned.
罪人を赦免。
6 / 6 Sutras are read in the temples of the Home provinces.
畿内の諸寺に経を読ませる。
6 / 15 Person of the fifth and lower ranks are sent to cleanse out the temples of the capital.
五位以上の位の者を京内の寺に派遣し、寺を掃き清めさせる。
6 / 19 Offerings are distributed to the Gods of Heaven and Earth.
神祇に奉幣。
6 / 26 Creation of votive images of Buddha begins in the various provinces for the sake of the Empress's illness.
諸国で、持統天皇の病の平癒を願う仏像がつくられる。
7 / 7 109 habitual thieves are pardoned, and cloth is given to each.
盗賊109人を赦免し、布を賜う。
7 / 29 A festival for the opening of the eyes of Buddhist images is held in the Temple of Yakushiji.
薬師寺にて開眼会。
8 / 1 The Empress abdicates the Imperial Dignity in favor of her grandson, Karu no Miko.
天皇、孫の珂瑠皇子に譲位。
8 / 17 The prince Imperial, Karu no Miko, assumes the Imperial Dignity to be Mommu Tenno.
【文武天皇元年(697)】珂瑠皇太子、即位し文武天皇となる。
8 / 20 Fujiwara no Miwako is made a concubine of the Emperor. So is Ishikawa no Toji no Iratsume.
藤原宮子、天皇の夫人となる。石川刀子娘、妃となる。
8 / 29 Fiefs are granted to Princes down to the public functionaries of the fifth rank or over.
親王及び五位以上の官人に食封を賜る。
9 / 9 The rank of Jiki-kwo-ichi is conferred on Wanibe-no-Omi Kimite as a reward for his services for the Jinshin campaign.
丸部臣君手、壬申の乱の功績により直広壱に叙せられる。
10 / 19 Yemishi of the province of Mutsu contribute its products.
陸奥の蝦夷、方物を献上。
Intercalary 閏 12 / 7 People of the provinces of Harima, Bizen, Bitchu, Suwo, Awaji, Awa, Sanuki, Iyo, etc., are starved. These provinces are exempted for this year from taxes.
播磨、備前、備中、周防、淡路、阿波、讃岐、伊予等の国が飢え、税を免除。
Intercalary 閏 12 / 28 Bowing for the celebration of the New Year on the street is forbidden.
正月に往来の拝賀の礼を行うことを禁止。
]]> Puyo 　扶余（부여） tag:www.himemiko.info,2007://1.61 2007-02-24T10:22:23Z 2007-05-20T11:00:05Z Puyo, or Buyeo, is a Korean city locate... Yuki

Puyo, or Buyeo, is a Korean city located at the southwest of Chungcheongnamdo Province, the center of the Korean peninsula, and has the same latitude as Halbin or Windam and the same longitude as Tokyo or Teheran. Song Wang, the 26th king of Paekche, removed its capital from Gongju to Sabi (the former name of Puyo) in 538. Since then, Puyo was a capital of Paekche until it was invaded and destroyed in 660.

扶余（부여）は、朝鮮半島の中心、韓国の忠清南道の西南部に位置する都市であり、ハルビン、フォンダムと同じ経度、東京やテヘランと同じぐらいの緯度である。百済の26代目の王である聖王が538年に熊津から泗沘（扶余の旧名）に遷都して以来、660年に侵略を受けて滅亡するまで百済の首都であった。

The Buyeo National Museum has over 11,000 valuable remains, including various figured bricks, antefixes, earthnware, metal ornaments, funeral urns, stone constructions and stone Buddhas. They range from prehistory to the end of Choson dynasty. More than that, the Gungnamji Pond, the origin of Japanese gardens, Nakwhaam, from which a number of court ladies and other women plunged into the Baengma River to keep their loyalty in the face of the invading troops, the Samchungsa Shrine, built to cherish the memory of the three loyal subjects who showed their allegiance until the end of the kingdom, Neungsan-ri Royal Tombs, where the kings are buried, and other cultural remains are settles in this area.

国立扶余博物館には、先史時代から大韓帝国末期までの各種の文様土器、瓦、金属装身具、甕棺、石仏など11000点を超える貴重な文化財が所蔵されている。また周辺には、日本庭園の起源ともいえる宮南池、百済滅亡時に多数の女官が身を投げた落花岩、百済末期に国王に忠誠を尽くした3人の忠臣をまつった三忠祠、百済王の陵墓群である陵三里古墳群などの史跡が残っている。

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♣ Transportation 　交通機関

Bus Service is available from Seoul. (2 2/3 hours; 10,000 won)
ソウルから高速バスあり。（2時間40分、10000ウォン）

♣ Hours of Operation 　開館時間

The Buyeo National Museum 　国立扶余博物館

9am - 4pm (Nov. - Feb.) 　　11月～2月：午前9時～午後4時
9am - 6pm (Mar. - Apr.) 　　3月・4月：午前9時～午後6時
9am - 7pm (May - Aug.) 　　5月～8月：午前9時～午後7時
9am - 6pm (Sept. - Oct.) 　　9月・10月：午前9時～午後6時

♣ Admission Rates 　料金

The Buyeo National Museum 　国立扶余博物館

400 Won

♣ Related Websites 　関連サイト

The City of Buyeo Home Page 　扶余市ホームページ

]]> Heijokyuseki, Nara奈良・平城宮跡 tag:www.himemiko.info,2007://1.53 2007-02-16T07:20:55Z 2007-02-23T23:16:38Z Heijokyuseki is the site of the Palace ... Yuki

Heijokyuseki is the site of the Palace of Heijo with 1.3km long east to west, and 1km north to south. It was built by the Empress of Gemmei as the palace in 710 and used until 794, located in the north of the capital spreading 4.3km (2 3/4 miles) east to west and 4.8km (3 miles) north to south.

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♣ Maps & Transportation 　地図及交通機関

]]> Hata, Mie三重・波多 tag:www.himemiko.info,2006://1.59 2006-04-22T05:44:53Z 2008-02-13T21:36:32Z Hata is the place where Towochi no Hime... Yuki

Hata is the place where Towochi no Himemiko took a break on her way to Ise in the 2nd month of 675. One of her servants, Mistress Fufuki, sang a poem in favor of her:

On seeing the crags on the long mountain flanks of Hata when Princess Towochi made a pilgrimage to Ise Shrine.

The thrusting, clustered
Boulders on the riverbank
Bear no trace of grace:
Forever young, I too would be
A maiden till the end of time.

This poem was collected in the Man-yo-shu poetry.

波多は、十市皇女が675年に伊勢神宮に赴いた際、采女の1人である吹芡刀自が彼女のために歌を詠んだ場所である。

十市皇女、伊勢神宮に参りし時、吹芡の刀自の作る歌

河上のゆつ岩群に草生さず
常にもがもな常処女にて

この歌は万葉集に収められた。

]]>

The area of Hata currently belongs to the City of Tsu, Mie Prefecture. Hata Shrine, on the bank of the Hasegawa River, and the surrounding areas are considered to Hata.

波多は現在では三重県津市に属している。波瀬川のほとりに建つ波多神社とその周辺地域が波多であると考えられている。

Tokotome no Sato Ichishi, big recreation facilities, was built for travelers to the Hata area. Ichishi Library, included in this facility, stocks historical documents on this area.

とことめの里一志という大きなレクリエーション施設が波多地域への旅行者のために設けられた。この施設の中にある一志図書館は、この地域の歴史的な蔵書を所蔵している。

♣ Maps & Transportation 　地図及交通機関

♣ Related Websites 　関連サイト

とことめの里 一志
一志図書館
Google Search - "ichishi"
「とことめの里」でGoogle検索]]> Japanese-English Glossary 古代史用語日英対照表 tag:www.himemiko.info,2006://1.58 2006-03-25T02:09:22Z 2007-05-20T09:19:27Z あ 日本語English 雨乞いの儀式a prayer for rain 役(え... Yuki あ
日本語English
雨乞いの儀式a prayer for rain
役(えき)forced labor
謁見するAに謁見する　 have an audience of A
恩赦an amnesty

か

日本語English
開眼会a festival for the opening of the eyes of a Buddhist image
願a vow
発願(誓願)する　 put up a vow
経a sutra; a Buddhist scripture
位a rank
国a province
大和国　 the province of Yamato
皇位the Imperial Dignity; the Dignity
皇后the Empress-consort (天皇の第一の妻)
皇太后the Empress Dowager (女性の上皇もこのように呼ぶ)
皇太子the Prince Imperial; the Crown Prince; the Heir Apparent

さ

日本語English
斎宮the Abstinence-palace
防人the Barrier Warden
授けるA(位など)をB(人)に授ける　 confer A on B
誄(しのびごと)an eulogy
誄を奏上する　 pronounce an eulogy
出家するenter religion
譲位abdication
A(人)に譲位する　 abdicate the Imperial Dignity in favor of A
神社a shrine
僧a priest
尼僧 a nun; a priestess
即位するassume the Imperial Dignity

た

日本語English
大極殿the Front Hall
内裏the inner precinct
賜うA(物など)をB(人)に賜う　 grant B A
鋳銭司Governor of the mint for cash
調commuted taxes
寺a temple
天神地祇the Gods of Heaven and Earth
天皇the Emperor (女性の天皇の場合 the Empress)
東宮大傅Grand Tutor of the Heir Apparent

な

日本語English
入滅するenter into parinirvana

は

日本語English
仏舎利(舎利子)relics
平定するsupress
法会a feast of vegetable food
奉幣するdistribute offerings

ま

日本語English
詔a decree; an edict
詔する address a decree
むほんrebellion (謀叛(むへん)。国家反逆行為)
treason (謀反(ぼうはん)。天皇殺害の企図)
殯(もがり)mourning
殯宮 a Palace of temporary interment; a temporary burial Palace

ら

日本語English
陵墓a misasagi
漏刻台a clepsydra

地域区分

日本語English
国a province
郡a district
諸国the provinces
畿内the Home provinces
]]> Japanese sake for Japanese's sake日本人のための日本酒 tag:www.himemiko.info,2006://1.57 2006-03-02T14:25:36Z 2008-02-09T00:31:28Z NOTICE FROM WEBMASTER管理者からのお知らせA part o... Yuki

NOTICE FROM WEBMASTER
管理者からのお知らせ

A part or whole of the text of this page is brought to English and/or Japanese versions of Wikipedia. This page will be deleted before long.
このページのテキストの一部又は全部はWikipedia英語版・日本語版に持ち込まれています。このページは近日中に削除されます。

Japanese sake has played an important role in Japanese culture for a long time. In the ancient days, getting drunk was considered as communicating to the gods in this country, and it was one of very important rituals. Sakeis brewed from rice. Because of that, the history of Japanese sake is as old as that of planting of rice in Japan. Sake has been drunk since the end of the Jomon Era or the beginning of the Yayoi Era when the first seeds of rice was brought to Japan.
日本酒は、日本文化にとって重要な役割を長く演じてきた。古代、酒に酔うということは神と一体となることと考えられており、非常に重要な儀式の一つであった。 酒は米から作られるので、日本酒の歴史は米の歴史そのものである。日本酒は、稲作の始まった縄文時代後期から弥生時代初期から飲まれ続けている。
]]> No matter what kind of alcoholic beverages, the process of the production is the same. In general, liquor is produced through the fermentation or the distillation of monosaccharides (the simplest form of carbohydrates, including glucose, fructose, and galactose). Ethyl-alcohol is made from monosaccharides with yeast. Because yeast exists in the air, alcohol can be naturally produced by preserving monosaccharides exposing to the air. Monosaccharides are contained in the fruits including grapes and apples. Monosaccharides can also be produced by saccharifying starches, which is contained in grains like wheat, buckwheat, beans, peas and potatoes. Bourbon whisky made from corns is produced in the United States. In China, there is Baijiu made from sorghum beans, rice, corn, barley, wheat, oak and peas. In the mainland of Japan, rice has been used as the source of starches. One of the most primitive methods of saccharifying starches is the mixing of them with saliva. Amylase from the saliva allows the starches to convert sugar. In the ancient period, kuchikami no sake or "chewing-in-the-mouth sake" was common in many areas of Japan to produce sake, where rice was chewed with chestnuts, millet, acorn and the mixture was spitted into a tub, and then this sweet mixture was allowed to naturally ferment. Chewing rice was the job of young virgin girls. Supposedly the best sake made in this way came from their mouths, because men mainly drank sake in those days. The men drinking the sake together with their beloved girl's saliva sometimes fell in love with her, and some verses of love composed by the men are recorded in the chronicles. Centuries later, the method of saccharification using koji, or Aspergillus oryzae, was invented instead of using saliva. The earliest production of sake with koji was recorded in the local chronicle, Harima no Kuni Fudoki, published in 713, saying: "the steamed rice offered to the gods got wet and moldy; sake was brewed with it and the party was held in the garden for the sake of the gods"
どんな酒であれ、酒の製法は同じである。一般に単糖類（糖類の最小単位。ブドウ糖、果糖、ガラクトースなど）を発酵もしくは蒸留させて作る。日本酒の場合、単糖類を酵母菌により発酵させて作る。酵母菌は空気中に自然に存在するので、単糖類を空気の触れるところに貯蔵しておけば、自然に酒を醸造することができることになる。単糖類は、ブドウやリンゴなどの果物に豊富に含まれている。 単糖類は、デンプン（炭水化物）を分解することによっても作り出すことができる。デンプンは、麦やソバやイモなど、いわゆる「穀物」と呼ばれるものの中に多く含まれており、中国ではコウリャン酒とか、アメリカではトウモロコシで作ったバーボンウイスキーがある。日本の本土では、デンプンの原料として米を使う。 デンプンを糖化する最も原始的な方法は、唾液を使うことである。唾液に含まれるアミラーゼによってデンプンが糖に変わる。古くは、「口噛みの酒」が一般的で、米をクルミや粟、どんぐりなどと一緒に噛んで、壺の中に吐き出し、それが自然に発酵するというものだった。 米を噛むのは若い処女の仕事だった。当時、酒を飲んだのは男性だったので、おそらく、最高の酒は若い女性の口で噛んだものから生まれると考えられていただろう。好きな女性の唾液を含んだ酒を飲んだ男性は、ときにその女性と恋に落ちることもあった。そういった男性が詠んだ恋歌が歴史書に残されている。 数世紀下ると、唾液の代わりに麹菌を使った醸造法が発明された。最も古い麹菌の醸造法は713年に発酵された「播磨国風土記」に次のように記録されている。「大神の御粮沾れてカビ生えき　すなわち酒を醸さしめて　庭酒を献りて宴しき」
]]> Eating Habits in This Period この時代の食生活 tag:www.himemiko.info,2006://1.56 2006-02-21T10:31:56Z 2008-02-09T00:31:56Z NOTICE FROM WEBMASTER管理者からのお知らせA part o... Yuki

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管理者からのお知らせ

A part or whole of the text of this page is brought to English and/or Japanese versions of Wikipedia. This page will be deleted before long.
このページのテキストの一部又は全部はWikipedia英語版・日本語版に持ち込まれています。このページは近日中に削除されます。

Japanese people ate rice, grain and fruits reaped in the land of Japan, as well as fish and shellfish produced in Japanese waters. Plus, a wide variety of foods and eating habits were imported from China and Korea from this period. Eggplants, cucumbers, ume (Japanese apricots), green peas, burdocks, the arum root and tea were brought to Japan. Noblemen began to drink milk. Vegetables fried with oil, and meat or seaweeds sauteed or browned with oil were in their dishes. Rice was steamed before eating. Steamed rice, or kowaii, was a main dish of people of the high class. Boiled rice, or himeii, was softer than kowaii and offered to women, people of old age, and little children. Congee was made for persons of illness. Travelers and soldiers carried dried steamed rice, and before eating outside water was poured on it to make it soft enough to eat.
日本人は日本近海で獲れた魚介類や、日本の土地で収穫された米や穀物、果物などを食していたが、このころから中国や朝鮮半島から多彩な食材や食習慣が輸入されるようになった。ナス、キュウリ、梅、エンドウ、ゴボウ、コンニャク、茶などがこの頃に日本に入ってきた。 貴族は、牛乳を飲み始めた。野菜を油で揚げたり、肉や海草を油で炒めたりしたものが彼らのメニューに加わった。 米は、蒸して食べるようになった。蒸した米は強飯（こわいい）とよばれ、貴族の日常的な食事となった。このほかに、女性や老人、幼児が食べる固粥（炊いた飯。姫飯ともいう）や、病人が食べる普通の粥（水粥）などもあった。旅行者や戦に出る兵士などは、蒸し米を乾燥して携帯し、外でそれを水で柔らかくして食べたりした。
]]> People usually ate twice a day, in the morning and in the evening. Hard workers sometimes ate three times a day. In the stable period in the latter half of the 7th centuries, various kinds of fish, shellfish, animal flesh and vegetables were brought from all the provinces of Japan to the capital as tribute. The Emperor down to Imperial members and noblepersons enjoyed white rice and a wide variety of precious foods including ear shells mixed with paste of sea urchin eggs, sea breams, boiled and seasoned ayu, melons pickled in sake lees, and wakame seaweed soup. Agar, walnuts, ume, loquats were eaten as dessert. Sake was drunk together with the meals. Cheese and dairy products were also made in this era. Japanese ancient cheese called so was made from newly produced milk by boiling it down seven hours to make it dried up. It was very precious and was available to only Imperial members and the noblepersons of the highest ranks. Perishable products brought from distant provinces were processed before shipping, including pickling with salt. Raw fish were preserved by putting in the steamed rice mixed with vinegar. It was the beginning of making sushi.
食事は普通1日2回で、激しい労働をするものは3回とることもあった。 600年代後半の平和な時代には、全国から多彩な肉・野菜・魚などが都に献上されるようになった。天皇・皇族・貴族は、白米を食べ、アワビのウニあえや鯛、鮎の煮つけ、瓜の糟漬け、ワカメの汁などの贅沢なおかずを楽しんだ。 デザートとして、寒天、クルミ、梅、ビワなどが食べられた。食事中には酒も飲まれた。 チーズや乳製品もこの時代に作られた。蘇とよばれる日本の古代のチーズは、しぼりたての牛乳を7時間以上煮詰め、水分を飛ばして作られたもので、非常に高価で皇族や高貴な貴族に限られたものであった。 遠方から運ばれる腐りやすい製品は、あらかじめ塩漬けにするなどして加工された。生の魚は酢であえた蒸し米の中に入れて保存した。これは寿司の起源となっている。
]]> Saio, a princess serving the Goddess神に仕える皇女・斎王 tag:www.himemiko.info,2006://1.54 2006-02-21T10:31:04Z 2008-02-09T00:32:16Z NOTICE FROM WEBMASTER管理者からのお知らせA part o... Yuki

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A part or whole of the text of this page is brought to English and/or Japanese versions of Wikipedia. This page will be deleted before long.
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The Saio, or itsukinomiko, is a single female priestess who conducted ceremonies at the Shrine of Ise Jingu where Emperor's ancestor, Amaterasu-ohmikami, was enshrined. The Saio was supposed to dwell near the Goddess to serve her. The first Saio was Toyosuki Irihime no Mikoto, a daughter of Sujin Tenno, who began to enshrine the Goddess at a sanctuary near the palace. She did the Saio's duty at the sanctuary. After Yamatohime no Mikoto, a daughter of Suinin Tenno, removed the sanctuary to Ise and built Ise Jingu Shrine, an Abstinence-palace (or Saiku) was erected within the forest on the bank of the Isuzu River near the shrine, and it was used for the Saio's residence. The Saio's duty was handed over to princesses several times, but several decades later nobody wanted to do it. The Saio system was suspended for a long time. The Emperor, Temmu Tenno, restarted the system. Because he prayed the Goddess for winning a victory prior to the Jinshin campaign and his wish was successfully achieved, he needed to hold thank-you ceremonies to the Goddess. He appointed Ohku no Himemiko, one of his daughters, the first Saio and sent her to the shrine of Ise Jingu. Since then, the Saio System lasted more than 600 years as one of Japan's important religious policies.
斎王（さいおう；いつきのみこ）……天皇の代わりに、天皇の祖先である天照大神のいる伊勢に遣わされ、そこで神とともに生活をし、神に奉仕する役割の女性がいた。 もともとは崇神天皇の娘・豊鍬入姫命が天照大神を祀り始めたのがはじまりだが、垂仁天皇の娘・倭姫命が天照大神を伊勢に鎮座させた後は、伊勢神宮のそばの五十鈴川のほとりの森に宮（斎宮）を建て、そこに忌みこもるようになった。 それ以来、斎王は何代か交代したあと長く途絶えてしまった。 天武天皇がこの制度を再開させた。壬申の乱に先立って天照大神に戦勝祈願しそれが叶えられたので、神に感謝する儀式を行う必要があったからである。天皇は、その娘・大伯皇女を最初の斎王として伊勢に遣わされた。それ以来、斎王は国の制度としてその後600年以上にわたり定着していくようになったのである。
]]> In the Saio System after Emperor Temmu's dynasty, a Saio was chosen from unmarried himemikos by divination, which was one of the very common decision-making ways in that period. However, political intentions sometimes affected the results. Once a himemiko was chosen as the next Saio, she was made to enter an Abstinence-room within the Palace called shosai in, meaning "the first abstinence room" to drive away evil spirits haunted to her. She was to stay in the shosai in for one year, and then she was made to remove to an Abstinence-house called nonomiya, meaning "a palace in the field," in the suburban area and stayed there for the next one year. In the third year, the new Saio and her servants departed nonomiya and made procession for Ise. The Saio on duty was forbidden to get married or to have any form of interaction with male persons. All she could do was to serve the goddess until she resigned.
天武天皇時代以降の斎王制度では、斎王は原則として未婚の皇女の中から占いで選ばれる。占いはこの時代一般的な意思決定の手段だった。とはいっても、政策上の意向によって左右されることもあった。 斎王に選ばれると、宮中の初斎院とよばれる場所に1年間ほどこもって身を清めたあと、野宮（ののみや）と呼ばれる都の近郊の場所に移って生活した。そして3年目になって、伊勢に向けて斎王行列として群行した。 初斎院に入ってしまった斎王は、任にあたっている間は結婚はもちろん、異性と情を通じることも禁じられ、ひたすら神に奉仕する生活を強いられることになっていたのである。
The Saio usually lived her daily life in the Abstinence-palace called Saiku (or Saigu). She got out of the Abstinence-palace to the shrine of Ise Jingu three times a year: kanname no matsuri in September, and tsukinami no matsuri in June and December. She performed the rituals at those times. As the Saio was delegated the power from the Emperor, she was treated as almost the same as him. For that reason, the Abstinence-palace was considered as the same as the Emperor's Palace and the officers serving the Saio had the considerable power, independent of any government subsidiary. "One Emperor, one Saio" was the basic rule of the Saio System. If an emperor resigned or died, the Saio had to retire from the position. She was made to be dismissed from the duty if one of her parents, siblings or relatives died. Once the Saio was bounced, she left the Abstinence-palace and proceeded for the capital, taking a different route from proceeding towards the Abstinence-palace. She was made to conduct a special ritual to "return from a Saio to a normal girl" prior to her entry to the capital.
斎王は、普段は斎宮（さいぐう；さいくう）と呼ばれる宮殿にこもって生活していた。そこから年に3回、9月の神嘗祭と、6月・12月の月次祭（つきなみのまつり）の際に、伊勢神宮に赴いて祭祀を執り行った。 斎王はいわゆる天皇の名代として伊勢に遣わされてきた立場なので、その住んでいる斎宮は、第二の宮殿として扱われ、天皇の宮殿にも匹敵する独立した位置づけがされており、それなりの力を持っていた。 天皇一代につき斎王一人というのが基本的なルールだった。天皇が譲位したり、崩御したりすれば、斎王はその任を解かれることになっていた。また斎王の肉親に不幸があった場合も、斎王は解任された。 解任されると、群行の際に通ったルートとは別の道を通り、所定の儀式を経て「普通の女の子に戻った」あと、帰京した。
]]> The site of the Palace of Fujiwara, Nara奈良・藤原宮跡 tag:www.himemiko.info,2006://1.52 2006-02-21T10:25:33Z 2008-02-09T00:32:43Z The Palace of Fujiwara was set up by th... Yuki The Palace of Fujiwara was set up by the Empress Jito (Uno no Sarara no Himemiko). Recent research reveals that the capital had the area of more than 25 square kilometers (6200 acres), spreading about 5.3km (3 1/4 miles) east to west and more than 4.8km (3 miles) north to south, and it was wider than the capitals of Heijo (24 sq. km / 5900 acres) and Heian (23 sq. km / 5700 acres).
]]>

♣ Maps & Transportation 　地図及交通機関

Directions 　行き方

Driving Directions: Take Nishi Meihan Expwy to Kashiba IC. Drive 15km (9 miles) south on Route 168 and Route 165. 西名阪道「香芝」ICから国道168号・165号で約15km（ルート検索） Public Transportation Service: Take Kintetsu Railway to Miminashi station. 近鉄大阪線「耳成」駅下車（路線検索） Alternative Public Transportation Service: Take JR Sakurai line to Unebi station. JR桜井線「畝傍」駅下車（路線検索）

♣ Admission Rates 　料金

Free of Charge 無料

♣ Parking Lot Information 　駐車場

A parking lot is able to accommodate several cars, but it is very difficult to let your car pass through the entrance gate if you have a big car because the road in front of the gate is very narrow. 一応数台とめられる駐車場があります（「ルート検索」終点）が、入口の前の道が非常に狭くので、大きなクルマだと辛いものがあります。

♣ Related Sites 　関連サイト

Google Search - "fujiwara palace" 「藤原宮跡」でGoogle検索]]>