HIMEMIKO*WEB: 2006年01月アーカイブ

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2006年01月21日

Websites of Note 　リンク集

*Webmaster's Note: the following text is also posted to the articles "赤穂神社" and "比売神社" in the Japanese version of Wikipedia.
※管理者注：以下のテキストは、Wikipedia日本語版「赤穂神社」および「比売神社」の項目にも「Yuki80」という名前で投稿されている。

If you want to get information of Japanese old history, Ancient Japan by Richard Hines of Washington State University features detailed explanations about Japan's history from the Jomon Era to the Heian Period.

If you are interested in Japan's Buddhism, basic information is featured in japan-guide.com. You can find out how Buddhism was imported to Japan, what Japanese Buddhism sects are, and more. In this website you can have an explanation about Shinto as well.

National Research Institute for Cultural Properties, Nara (Nabunken) has a website with open databases of excavated pottery, mokkan, sites and more. With a few keywords in the text box, you can search for the corresponding data. Nabunken has also a subsidiary museum, Asuka Historical Museum where is exhibited the documents and the historic sites in the district of Asuka.

日本の古代史についての情報を得るには、ワシントン州立大学のリチャード・ハインズ氏のAncient Japanが、縄文時代から平安時代までの日本の歴史について詳細に説明しています。

日本の仏教に興味のある方は、japan-guide.comにbasic informationがあります。仏教がどのように日本に渡ってきたか、日本の仏教の宗派などについて知ることができます。神道についてもこのサイトに載っています。

奈良文化財研究所（奈文研）のサイトには、発掘土器や木簡、遺跡などのデータベースが公開されています。キーワードを入力すると対応するデータを検索することができます。奈文研の配下に、飛鳥地域の資料・遺跡などを展示する飛鳥資料館があります。

If you understand Japanese or you can read Japanese characters, the internet is a goldmine. Hundreds of commercial, public and personal websites in Japanese introduce information about Japanese old history, from academic reports to comic books. Some of these useful websites are picked out below (in no specific order):

日本語が理解できる方、日本語の読める方にとっては、ネットは宝の山です。日本史を紹介する商用・公的・個人のサイトが、学術的なものからマンガに至るまで、何百とあります。それらの有用なサイトの中からいくつかを下にピックアップしています（順不同）：

投稿者: Yuki 日時: 19:28 | パーマリンク

Natsumi Templesite, Mie
三重・夏見廃寺

NOTICE FROM WEBMASTER
管理者からのお知らせ

A part or whole of the text of this page is brought to English and/or Japanese versions of Wikipedia. This page will be deleted before long.
このページのテキストの一部又は全部はWikipedia英語版・日本語版に持ち込まれています。このページは近日中に削除されます。

Natsumi Templesite 夏見廃寺

Natsumi Templesite is a site where monasteries were built by a vow of Ohku no Himemiko in remembrance of her dead father, Emperor Temmu. The structures were burnt out in the end of the 10th century, but the foundations were found through the excavation work by Kyoto University in May 1946. Today, this templesite is a part of Nabari City Central Park.

大伯皇女の発願により亡き天武天皇を偲んで建立したと伝えらえる夏見廃寺は、名張市夏見の、名張川のほとり、男山の南斜面にある古代寺院跡。10世紀末頃に焼失したものの、昭和21年5月に京都大学考古学教室による発掘調査によって発見された。現在は名張市中央公園の一部になっている。

The foundations of a main hall, a pagoda, a lecture hall, and surrounding buildings are preserved.

Investigation makes it clear that Natsumi Temple's main hall had the same design as that of Asuka's Yamadadera Temple, which was one of this period's major temples. The fact means that the priests of this temple were keeping good connections with the central government.

The Exhibition Hall near the templesite displays and explains the articles dug up at the site and the molded Buddhas, with which it is told the main hall was decorated.

金堂、そして塔と講堂、周囲に掘立柱建物の基壇が保存されている。

夏見廃寺の金堂は、当時の主要な寺の一つだった飛鳥の山田寺と同じ形をしていたことがわかっており、中央政府との結びつきの強さがうかがえるとされている。

夏見廃寺のそばにある夏見廃寺展示館には、夏見廃寺の出土品や、金堂に装飾されていたと伝えられる填仏の解説や展示などがある。

♣ Maps & Transportation 　地図及交通機関

Directions 　行き方

"Natsumi" intersection on Route 165.
国道165号線「夏見」交差点すぐ（ルート検索）
Public Transportation Service: Take Kintetsu Railway to Nabari station. Walk along Route 165 towards Nabari City Central Park for 30 minutes.
近鉄「名張」駅下車名張市中央公園方面徒歩30分（路線検索）

♣ Hours of Operation 　開館時間

Natsumi Templesite Exhibition Hall 　夏見廃寺展示館
9am - 4pm
Closed Mondays, Thursdays, December 28 - January 3
(If the closing day falls on a national holiday, museum is closed on the next day)
午前9時～午後4時開館
月・木曜日、12/28-1/3休館
（但し月・木曜日が祝日にあたるときはその翌日）

Other places of Natsumi Templesite 　それ以外の場所
Available 24 hours / 365 days 　24時間365日訪問可能。

♣ Admission Rates 　料金

Natsumi Templesite Exhibition Hall 　夏見廃寺展示館
Adult 一般: 200 JPY
High School Student 高校生: 100 JPY
Elementary & Junior High School Student 小中学生: Free 無料
Group (Adult) 団体（一般）: 150 JPY
Group (High School Students) 団体（高校生）: Free 無料

Other places of Natsumi Templesite 　それ以外の場所
Free of Charge 無料

♣ Parking Lot Information 　駐車場

Parking is available at the Nabari City Central Park's parking lot, which accepts hundreds of cars.
名張市中央公園の駐車場にとめる形となります。台数は十分。

♣ Contact 　問い合わせ先

Natsumi Templesite Exhibition Hall 　夏見廃寺展示館
2759, Natsumi, Nabari, Mie 518-0441, Japan 　〒518-0441 三重県名張市夏見2759
Voice 電話: 0595-64-9156 (+81-595-64-9156 outside Japan 日本国外からの場合)
FAX: 0595-64-9157 (+81-595-64-9157 outside Japan 日本国外からの場合)

Note: the webmaster is not sure if English is available.
※英語が通じるかどうかは保証できません。

♣ Related Sites 　関連サイト

夏見廃寺
 特集・夏見廃寺
 大伯皇女ゆかりの夏見廃寺 | 「能楽の淵」管理人日記
Google Search - "natsumi haiji"
「夏見廃寺」でGoogle検索

投稿者: Yuki 日時: 14:48 | パーマリンク

Ise Jingu Shrine, Mie
三重・伊勢神宮

In Ise Jingu is enshrined Amaterasu Ohmikami, a goddess representing the sun. Some people believe that she is the ancestor of the Imperial Family.

Oh'ama no Miko, on his way from Yoshino to the provice of Mino, turned to the direction of this shrine and prayed for being a winner on the Battle of Jinshin. After realizing his ambition, he sent his daughters to the shrine as Saio to thank the goddess.

伊勢神宮には、皇室の祖先とされている太陽の神・天照大神が祀られている。

壬申の乱の折、吉野から美濃へ向かう途中、大海人皇子は伊勢神宮の方角に向かい戦勝を祈願した。大願成就したあとは感謝のしるしとして娘を斎王として伊勢神宮へ派遣した。

♣ Maps & Transportation 　地図及交通機関

Naiku 内宮Geku 外宮

Directions 　行き方

To Naiku: 　内宮への行き方
Driving Directions: Take Ise Expwy at Kameyama and drive southwards to Ise Exit. Take Route 23 south and drive 3km.
伊勢道「伊勢IC」から国道23号線南へ約3km（ルート検索）
Public Transportation Service: Take Kintetsu Railway to Uji Yamada station. Take Bus to Naiku-mae.
近鉄「宇治山田」駅下車　バス「内宮前」
Alternative Public Transportation Service: Take JR Line to Ise-shi station, and take Bus to Naiku-mae.
JR「伊勢市」駅下車　バス「内宮前」

♣ Hours of Operation 　開館時間

Available 24 hours / 365 days 　24時間365日訪問可能。

♣ Admission Rates 　料金

Free of Charge 　無料

♣ Parking Lot Information 　駐車場

Public parking is available.
公共駐車場があります。

♣ Contact 　問い合わせ先

Department of General Affairs, Jingu Administration Office 　神宮司庁総務部
1 Ujitachi-cho, Ise, Mie 516-0023, Japan 　〒516-0023 三重県伊勢市宇治館町1
Phone 電話: 0596-24-1111 (+81-596-24-1111 outside Japan 日本国外からの場合)

Note: the webmaster is not sure if English is available.
※英語が通じるかどうかは保証できません。

♣ Related Websites 　関連サイト

Jingu 　伊勢の神宮　（Japanese, English and Traditional Chinese versions available 日本語・英語・繁体字中国語版あり）
Google Search - "ise jingu"
「伊勢神宮」でGoogle検索

投稿者: Yuki 日時: 14:35 | パーマリンク | コメント (0)

Himegamisha Shrine & Akoh Shrine, Nara
奈良・比売神社及赤穂神社

NOTICE FROM WEBMASTER
管理者からのお知らせ

Himegamisha is a shrine that enshrines Towochi no Himemiko. It is built at the very place where people say she was buried.

According to Nihon Shoki chronicle, she passed away on the 4th month 7th day, 678 and buried at Akoh seven days later. Many historians insist different opinions about what the real meaning of Akoh is and where the place was. No clear evidence indicating the exact place of Akoh is presented yet. One of the most persuasive explanation is that Akoh is the neighborhood near Akoh Shrine in Takabatakecho, Nara city.

比売神社（ひめがみしゃ）は、十市皇女を祀っている神社である。十市皇女が葬られていると伝えられている場所に建てられている。

日本書紀によれば、十市皇女は天武天皇7年（678年）4月7日に薨去し、その7日後に赤穂の地に葬られたとある。赤穂がどこにあるかについては諸説あり、未だ定説は明らかになっていない。が、最も有力な説としては、奈良市高畑町にある「延喜式内赤穂神社」の周辺という説がある。

A little tomb called "Hime Zuka 比売塚" (princesses' tomb) is about 200 meters to the east of Akoh Shrine (赤穂神社), with the tradition of "the grave of noble princesses". Because of the tradition, it is the most persuasive that Towochi no Himemiko was buried in this place. Higami no Otome (氷上娘; Lady Higami), the mother of Tajima no Himemiko and one of Oh'ama no Miko's wives, was also buried in Akoh.

Hundreds of years later, this place became famous for its cherry blossoms. In the mid-19th century, it was called Sakurada (桜田; cherry field) and loved by people. However, this neighborhood became a ghosttown after that. Most households left this place, and broken block walls were the only buildings left over in this area.

In 1930s, Hime Zuka became nation's property and managed by Nara Bureau of Finantial Affairs. Several decades later, this grave was disposed to the residents of this neighborhood. They tried to build a shrine and enshrine Towochi no Himemiko to it, for the revival of this area. The 320-square-foot land was donated to Shin Yakushiji Temple, and the shinto ceremonies to be held in the shrine were delegated to the chief priest of Kagami Shrine.

A ground-breaking ceremony was held in the summer of 1980, and a roof-laying ceremony in the end of that year, in cooperation with Shin-Yakushiji Temple and Kagami Shrine. The shrine building was completed. The celebrating ceremony of enshrinement was held on May 10, 1981, which was the day converted to the solar calendar of April 7, when Towochi no Himemiko died. This was the birth of the shrine, Himegamisha, enshrining Towochi no Himemiko.

赤穂神社から東へ200メートルほど行ったところに「比売塚（ひめづか）」と呼ばれる小さい古墳があり、「高貴の姫君の墓」と語り伝えられている。こうしたことから、十市皇女はこの地に葬られたとみる説が最も有力である。なお、大海人皇子の妻の一人で、但馬皇女の母である氷上娘も、十市皇女と同じ赤穂に葬られている。

赤穂は桜の名所となり、幕末には「桜田」と呼ばれ人々に親しまれた。しかし明治になると、桜田の里は荒廃の一途をたどり、家々の大半が離散して築地塀のみが空しく残ったとのことである。

昭和に入り、赤穂の比売塚は国有となって奈良財務局の管理下におかれたが、このあたり一帯の地が年々すたれてゆくのを嘆いた地元の有志の方々が奔走し、奈良財務局から比売塚の払い下げを受けたのを機に、そこに神社を造営することとなった。比売塚の現形9坪を新薬師寺に寄進し、神殿祭祀を鏡神社摂社として委任することとした。

昭和55年（1980年）夏、新薬師寺・鏡神社の協力により地鎮祭が行われ、年末には上棟祭が行われた。ほどなく新社殿が完成し、昭和56年（1981 年）5月10日（十市皇女の命日である4月7日を新暦に換算した日）、御鎮座奉祝祭が斎行された。ここに十市皇女を祀る比売神社の誕生をみたのである。

A lot of people come to pray to the shrine that is inconspicuously standing near the entrance of Kagami Shrine.

比売神社は、鏡神社の境内の入口のわきに、ひっそりと鎮座しているのだが、そこに参拝する人はかなり多い。

A small sanctuary of 2.5 meters high and 2 meters wide is build on the 320-square-foot tomb. A vermillion-colored closed gate is 1.5 meters in front of the sanctuary, keeping visitors from stepping beyond it. Bells are equipped in the sanctuary, and the bells and the gate is tied with a soft cotton-made rope. Prayers are to ring the bells by shaking the rope before making a wish.

9坪の小さな塚の上には、高さ約2.5m、幅約2mほどの小さな神殿が建てられている。神殿の正面1.5mぐらいのところに朱塗りの門があり、その門は閉ざされていてそこから中に入ることはできないようになっている。神殿に付いている鈴と、その門とが紐で結ばれており、参拝者は門前からその紐をゆらして鈴を鳴らすようになっている。

To the left of the sanctuary is standing a 1.5-meter high stone where is carved a happy-looking man and woman close to each other. To the left of it are four Kamukataishi stones, which enshrine four-generation couples in each stone, from Ohtono no Miko and Towochi no Himemiko, to Oumi no Mifune and his wife.

神殿の左には、男女が睦まじく肩を寄せあっている像が彫られた、高さ1.5mぐらいの石があり、その左には、「神像石（かむかたいし）」という、大友皇子・十市皇女から淡海三船までの4代とそれぞれの妃を祀った石が置かれている。

The goddess enshrined in this shrine, Towochi no Himemiko, is propitious for good marriage. I saw a successfully-married couple came to thank her. By the sanctuary's front side is a small board, on which hundreds of votive picture tablets are hanging. You can find a prayer is making a desperate wish of having a good partner and successful marriage in her message written in each tablet.

Towochi no Himemiko was a woman who lived for love, suffered from love, and died for love. That might be why people are worshiping her as a guardian deity for lovers and every woman.

この比売神社に祀られている十市皇女は縁結びの神様とされているらしく、お礼参りに訪れる新婚カップルがいた。拝殿の脇には、良縁を祈る女性たちによる絵馬が数多くかけられており、それぞれの筆跡には、彼女たちの切なる思いがにじみ出ている。

恋に悩み、恋のために一命を投じた十市皇女なので、あるいは恋人たちの守護神・女性の守護神として人々の信仰を集めているのかもしれない。

Two tanka poems dedicated to this shrine 　神社に奉納された歌2首:

　　春秋の里の相（すがた）を見そなはし安らひたまへかくまつるなり
　　ひめみこは神にしませば神ながら思ほしなげくことのかなしさ

♣ Maps & Transportation 　地図及交通機関

Directions 　行き方

Driving Directions: Take Nishi-Meihan Expwy to Koriyama IC. Off the exit, drive north on Route 24. Turn right the "Nijo Oji Minami 1" intersection onto Route 369. Drive 2km east.
西名阪道郡山ICから国道24号を北上「二条大路南１」交差点を右折　国道369号を東へ約2km（ルート検索）
Public Transportation Service: Take Kintetsu Railway to Kintetsu Nara station. Take Bus to Wariishicho. Follow the directional sign to Shin Yakushiji, walk for 10 minutes.
近鉄「近鉄奈良」駅下車そこから奈良交通バス「破石町」下車徒歩10分（路線検索）

♣ Hours of Operation 　開館時間

Available 24 hours / 365 days 　24時間365日訪問可能。

♣ Admission 　料金

Free of charge 　無料

Note: Himegamisha shrine's history book (yuishogaki) is available at Kagami Shrine's office for 100 yen per copy.
注：鏡神社の社務所で比売神社の由緒書が1部100円で入手可能です。

♣ Parking Lot Information 　駐車場

Although a small parking lot is beside the shrine, two or three cars are all that can be parked there. Plus, the roads on your way there are too narrow to make your car pass through if you drive a big car. I don't recommend the parking lot. Rather, Takabatake Parking Lot nearby might be safer for you.

神社の横に小さな駐車場があるにはありますが、数が少ない上そこまでたどりつく途中の道がかなり狭く、大きなクルマではかなり厳しいので、近所の高畑駐車場（「ルート検索」の終点）あたりにとめたほうがよいと思います。

♣ Related Websites 　関連サイト

十市皇女
 あきづしまやまとゆ14

投稿者: Yuki 日時: 13:44 | パーマリンク | コメント (0)

2006年01月15日

696 　持統天皇10年

NOTICE FROM WEBMASTER
管理者からのお知らせ

Month / Date 月 / 日	Events 出来事
2 / 3 thru 13	The Empress stays in Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
3 / 3	The Empress goes to the Palace of Futatsuki. 二槻宮に行幸。
4 / 28 thru 5 / 4	The Empress stays in Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
6 / 18 thru 26	The Empress stays in Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
7 / 1	An eclipse of the sun. 日食。
7 / 2	Criminals are pardoned. 特赦令。
7 / 10	Takechi no Miko dies. He is 48 years old of age. 高市皇子薨去。享年48歳。
8 / 25	The rank of Jiki-kwo-ichi is conferred on Oh no Honji as a reward for his services from the beginning, and for his strict guardianship of the barrier. 壬申の乱の功労者・多品治に直広壱の位を賜う。
10 / 17	The Udaijin, Tajihi no Mabito, is granted (permission to use) a carriage and a staft, and so in this way sympathy is shown on his retirement from office. 右大臣・丹比真人が職務を退くこととなり、輿と杖を賜わる。
10 / 22	50 retainers are granted to Fujiwara no Fuhito, and 120 to Tajihi no Mabito. 藤原不比等、舎人50人を資人（高官の私用に供する人）として賜わる。また丹比真人は120人を賜わる。
12 / 30	Ten persons of a pure life are made to enter religion. 僧10人を出家させる。

投稿者: Yuki 日時: 23:03 | パーマリンク

695 　持統天皇9年

NOTICE FROM WEBMASTER
管理者からのお知らせ

Month / Date 月 / 日	Events 出来事
1 / 5	The rank of Jo-kwo-ni is conferred on Toneri no Miko. 舎人皇子を浄広弐に叙す。
1 / 7	An entertainment is given to the Ministers and Daibu within the inner precinct. 公卿を召し内裏で宴会を催す。
1 / 15	Firewood is presented to the Empress. 御薪を献る。
1 / 16	An entertainment is given to the public functionaries. 官人を招き宴会。
1 / 17 thru 20	There is archery lasting for four days. 射撃大会。4日間開かれる。
Intercalary 閏 2 / 8 thru 15	The Empress stays in Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
3 / 12 thru 15	The Empress stays in Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
5 / 21	The Empress witnesses wrestling by the Hayato. 隼人の相撲を観る。
6 / 16	Honorary gifts of various values are made to all high officials who are 80 years old of age or more, or who are affected by chronic disease. 80歳以上の老人および重病者に見舞いの品を賜う。
6 / 18 thru 26	The Empress stays in Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
8 / 24 thru 30	The Empress stays in Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
9 / 4	The prisons are visited and those persons are released who are suffering sentences of minor banishment or imprisonment. 特赦。
10 / 11 and 12	The Empress visits Yonahari in Hatsuse for two days. 初瀬の吉隠に行幸。
12 / 5 thru 13	The Empress stays in Yoshino. 吉野行幸。

投稿者: Yuki 日時: 23:00 | パーマリンク

694 　持統天皇8年

NOTICE FROM WEBMASTER
管理者からのお知らせ

Month / Date 月 / 日	Events 出来事
1 / 21	The Empress goes to Fujiwara. 藤原行幸。
1 / 24	The Empress goes to Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
3 / 1	There is an eclipse of the sun. 日食。
3 / 2	The Empress appoints Oh'yake no Ason Maro and others Governors of the mint for cash. 大宅朝臣麻呂らを鋳銭司に任命。
3 / 16	The district of Yasu in the province of Oumi is exempted for this year from commuted taxes and forced labor, as the Empress gives praise to the medicinal qualities of the spring bubbled up at this district. 近江・野洲郡で湧いた鉱泉の薬効を称え、野洲郡の今年の調役を免除。
4 / 5	The Empress confers the posthumous rank of Jo-dai-shi on Prince Kawachi, Viceroy of Tsukushi. 大宰率・河内王に浄大肆を贈る。
4 / 7 - 10	The Empress stays in Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
5 / 6	The Empress entertains the Ministers and Daibu within the inner precincts. 公卿を召し内裏で宴会を催す。
5 / 11	The Empress sends one hundred copies of the Kin-kwo-myo Sutra and deposits them in the various provinces. 金光明経100部を諸国に配る。
8 / 17	The Empress makes one hundred and four priests to enter religion for the sake of Asuka no Himemiko, who gets unwell. 明日香皇女が病にかかったため、沙門104人を出家させる。
9 / 4	The Empress goes to Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
9 / 22	The Empress appoints Prince Mino Viceroy of Tsukushi. 三野王を大宰率に任命。
11 / 26	There is an amnesty for criminals, from those guilty of capital crimes downwards. 極刑以下の罪を赦す。
12 / 6	The Empress moves her residence to the Palace of Fujiwara. 藤原京に遷都。

投稿者: Yuki 日時: 22:57 | パーマリンク

693 　持統天皇7年

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Month / Date 月 / 日	Events 出来事
1 / 2	The rank of Jo-kwo-ichi is bestowed on Takechi no Miko, and that of Jo-kwo-ni on Naga no Miko and Yuge no Miko. An Imperial edict about the direction on the common people's clothes is issued. 高市皇子、浄広壱に、長皇子・弓削皇子、浄広弐に叙せられる。農民の衣服に関する規定を定める。
3 / 1	An eclipse of the sun. 日食。
3 / 6	The Empress visits Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
3 / 11	Presents are given to Fujiwara no Ason Ohshima. 藤原朝臣大嶋に品を賜う。
3 / 13	The Empress arrives from Yoshino. 吉野から帰京。
3 / 17	The Empress encourages the people throughout the Empire the cultivation of such vegetable productions as the mulberry tree, pears, chestnuts and greens. 全国に対し、桑・梨・栗などの植物を植えることを奨励。
4 / 22	Dishonest practices are discovered. Ministers and public functionaries involved are dismissed from the office they hold and reduced in rank. 汚職事件発生。関与した官人を解任・降格の処分。
5 / 1 - 7	The Empress stays in Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
5 / 15	A public Buddist great-congregation is held within the inner precinct. 内裏にて大法会。
7 / 12 thru 16	The Empress stays in Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
8 / 1	The Empress goes to Fujiwara. 藤原行幸。
8 / 17 thru 21	The Empress stays in Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
9 / 1	An eclipse of the sun. 日食。
9 / 5 and 6	The Empress visits the Peak of Tohnomine. 多武峰に行幸。
9 / 10	On behalf of the dead Emperor, Temmu, a public great-congregation is held within the inner precincts. All prisoners are released. 天武天皇のための大法会を内裏にて開く。罪人を全員赦免。
10 / 2	A decree about inspections of the arms is issued. 兵の校閲の詔。
11 / 5 thru 10	The Empress stays in Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
11 / 14	A natural spring assumed some medicinal qualities bubbles up at the district of Yasu in the province of Oumi. 近江の野洲郡で鉱泉が湧く。
12 / 21	Professors of the art of war are sent to give instruction and training in the various provinces. 諸国にて陣法教習。

投稿者: Yuki 日時: 22:53 | パーマリンク

692 　持統天皇6年

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Month / Date 月 / 日	Events 出来事
1 / 4	Takechi no Miko is granted an additional fief of 2000 houses. 高市皇子に封を2000戸加増。
1 / 27 and 28	The Empress visited and stayed in Takamiya (Katsuragi-gun). 葛城郡の高宮に行幸。
2 / 11	The Empress tells the officials that she has an intention to proceed to Ise. The Chunagon, Ohmiwa no Ason Takechi-maro, presents a memorial in which he makes bold to remonstrate roundly with her for her proposed visit to Ise, which he says will interfere with the time for agricultural operations. 伊勢に行幸することを群臣に伝える。中納言大三輪朝臣高市麻呂がこれを諫める。
3 / 3	Prince Hirose and others are appointed to take charge of the Palace during the Empress's absence. Upon this Ohmiwa no Ason Takechi-maro divests himself of his cap-rank and delivers it up to the Court, reiterating his remonstrance. The Empress does not yield to it. 伊勢行幸にあたり、広瀬王らを留守官とする。大三輪朝臣高市麻呂、再度これを諫めるが、聞き入れず。
3 / 6	The Empress proceeds to Ise. 天皇、伊勢に向け出発。
3 / 17	The Empress bestows cap-rank on the Miyakko of the provinces of Iga, Ise and Shima, through which she passed. These places are also released from commuted taxes and forced labor for this year. There is a great pardon for the Empire except on thieves and robbers. 伊勢行幸にあたり通過した伊賀・伊勢・志摩の国に対し、国司に冠位を与え、今年の調役を免除。盗賊以外の者の罪を赦す大赦令。
3 / 19	50 sheaves of rice for each person are presented to men and women of 80 years of age and upwards, common people of the province of Shima, through which the Empress passes. 通過する志摩の80歳以上の農民に稲を1人あたり50束与える。
3 / 20	The Imperial chariot returns to the Palace. 持統天皇、帰京。
3 / 30	The commuted taxes and forced labor for this year are remitted to those houses from which supplies were provided for the Empress's service in the provinces of Oumi, Mino, Owari, Mikawa and Totoumi. Three sheaves of rice for each man, and two for each woman, are given to all poor and distressed common people in the Empire. 近江・美濃・尾張・三河・遠江国の今年の調役を免除。全国の貧しい農民に、男は稲3束、女は2束賜う。
4 / 25	Prisoners are pardoned and discharged. 大赦令。
5 / 12 thru 16	The Empress stays in Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
Intercalary 閏 5 / 3	Great floods. Commissioners are sent to visit the districts and provinces for the investigation of the disaster areas and for the relief of the people suffering from this floods. 大水害。諸国に使者を送り被害状況を調査、被災者を救済。
Intercalary 閏 5 / 4	The Buddhist priest Kwan-sei is commended for making white lead and is given a present. 僧観成の造った白粉を褒め、褒賞を賜う。
6 / 11	Envoys are sent to the 4 Home provinces to pray for rain. 畿内4国にて雨乞いの儀式。
6 / 21	Official rank is granted to the laborors for their diligence and absence of remissness in the construction of Emperor Temmu's Misasagi. 天武天皇陵の造営に尽力した仕丁に官位を賜う。
6 / 30	The Empress inspects the site of the Fujiwara Palace. 藤原宮予定地へ行幸、視察。
7 / 2	A general amnesty. Criminals other than those guilty of the ten crimes (rebellion, conspiracy against the sovereign's person, treason, parricide, inhumanity, sacrilege, unfilial conduct, discord, insubordination and incest), thieves and robbers are pardoned. 大赦令。十悪（謀叛、謀大逆、謀反、悪虐、不道、大不敬、不敬、不孝、不睦、不義、内乱）と盗賊を除き全て赦免。
7 / 9 thru 28	The Empress goes and stays in the Palace of Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
8 / 17	The Empress visits the country-house of Asuka no Himemiko, and on the same day returns to the Palace. 天皇、明日香皇女の別邸に日帰りで出かける。
10 / 12 thru 19	The Empress stays in Yoshino. 吉野行幸。

投稿者: Yuki 日時: 22:49 | パーマリンク

690 and 691 　持統天皇4年～持統天皇5年

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Year 年	Month / Date 月 / 日	Events 出来事
690 持統天皇4年	1 / 1	Uno Sarara no Himemiko, the Empress-consort, assumes the Imperial Dignity and becomes Empress Jito. 鸕野讃良皇女、即位し持統天皇となる。
	1 / 17	A general amnesty. Those who from poverty are unable to support themselves are granted presents of rice, and exempted from commuted taxes and forced labor. 大赦令。窮者に稲を賜って調役を免除。
	1 / 20	100 officers are appointed to the Department of Justice. 刑部省の職員100人を任命。
	1 / 23	Offerings are distributed to the Gods of Heaven and Earth in the Home provinces. 畿内の神社に奉幣。
	2 / 5	The Empress inspects the horses of the Ministers and Daibu. 公卿の馬術を観る。
	2 / 17	The Empress visits the Palace of Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
	2 / 19	A feast of vegetarian food is given within the inner precinct. 内裏で法会。
	2 / 25	12 Silla men, who came as immigrants, are settled in the province of Musashi. 帰化した新羅人12人を武蔵国に定住させる。
	3 / 20	Rice of the Shima Palace is given to those inhabitants of the capital and the Home provinces who are eighty years of age and upwards. Each person has twenty sheaves. 畿内の80歳以上の老人に嶋宮の稲を1人につき20束賜う。
	4 / 7	Presents of rice are made to 5031 old men and women of the capital and Home provinces. Each person has twenty sheaves. 畿内の66歳以上の老人男女5031人に対し、稲を1人につき20束賜う。
	4 / 14	An edict of the revision of the regulations for the examination of public functionaries' service and for the colors of their court costume. 官人の考課、朝服の色に関する規定を改定する詔。
	5 / 3	The Empress goes to the Palace of Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
	5 / 10	21 immigrants from Paekche arrive. 百済人21人が帰化。
	5 / 15	Discourses on "dwelling in peace" are begun in the inner precinct. 内裏で講説会。
	6 / 6	The Empress visits Hatsuse. 泊瀬行幸。
	7 / 1	The Ministers and public functionaries put on the new Court costume for the first time. 官人の朝服が新しく切り替わる。
	7 / 7 thru 14	Imperial edicts are issued to revise the way of putting on the Court costume and the behavior on occupying the higher places at a Court assembly. 朝服の着用、拝礼の方法などに関する規定が改定される。
	8 / 4	The Empress visits the Palace of Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
	9 / 13 thru 24	The Empress stays in Kii. 紀伊国を巡幸。
	10 / 5	The Empress visits the Palace of Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
	10 / 22	Presents and promotion in rank are granted to Ohtomo no Hakama, who were taken prisoner by the Tang troops in 661 during the campaign undertaken for the assistance of Paekche. 百済の役にあたり唐の捕虜となった大伴博麻に恩賞を賜う。
	10 / 29	Takechi no Miko inspects the site for the Palace of Fujiwara. 高市皇子、藤原宮の予定地を視察。
	12 / 12 thru 14	The Empress stays in the Palace of Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
	12 / 19	The Empress goes to Fujiwara and inspects the site for the Palace. 持統天皇自ら藤原宮の予定地に行幸し、現地を視察。
691 持統天皇5年	1 / 16 thru 23	The Empress stays in the Palace of Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
	2 / 1	The Empress addresses a decree to order the Ministers to continue to uphold the Buddhist faith with zealous hearts. 公卿らに対し、仏法に精励するよう命じる詔。
	3 / 3	A banquet is given to the Ministers in the Western Hall. 西庁で公卿に宴を賜る。
	3 / 5	The Empress inspects the horses both of the State and of private persons in the Imperial park. 馬術を観る。
	4 / 11	Envoys are sent to worship the Great Abstinence Deity of Hirose and the Wind-gods of Tatsuta. 広瀬大忌神と竜田風神を祭る。
	4 / 16 thru 22	The Empress stays in the Palace of Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
	5 / 21	Syun-mu-mi-cha of Paekche is commended for his services in 672, when the battle of Jinshin occured. 百済淳武微子の壬申の年の功を褒める。
	6 /	Sleet falls in 40 places in the capital and provinces. The Empress is anxious about it and fears that it might be because of Buddha's punishment. She commands the Ministers and functionaries to compose their hearts and repent of their sins. 京と諸国40ヶ所に水害。これを憂えた天皇が、仏罰によるものと恐れ、群臣に詔して、日々の行いを正すよう命じる。
	7 / 3 thru 12	The Empress stays in the Palace of Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
	7 / 7 thru 12	Banquets are given to the Ministers. 公卿に宴を賜る。
	7 / 15	Envoys are sent to worship the Great Abstinence Deity of Hirose and the Wind-gods of Tatsuta. 広瀬大忌神と竜田風神を祭る。
	9 / 9	Kawashima no Miko dies, 40 years of age. 川島皇子薨去。享年40歳。
	10 / 1	An eclipse of the sun. 日食。
	10 / 13 thru 20	The Empress visits and stays in the Palace of Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
	11 / 24	The festival of first-fruits is held. 大嘗祭。

投稿者: Yuki 日時: 22:40 | パーマリンク

687 through 689 　持統称制元年～持統称制3年

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Year 年	Month / Date 月 / 日	Events 出来事
687 持統称制元年	1 / 1	The Princes of the Blood, the Princes, the Ministers and public functionaries proceed to the Palace of temporary interment and make lament. 皇族・群臣ら、天武天皇の殯宮に赴き慟哭。
	3 / 15	56 immigrants from Koguryo are settled in the province of Hitachi, where they are given lands and receive an allowance of grain. 帰化した高句麗人56人を常陸国に定住させる。
	4 / 10	22 persons, immigrants from Silla, are settled in the province of Musashi, where they are granted lands and an allowance of grain. 帰化した新羅人22人を武蔵国に定住させる。
	5 / 22	The Prince Imperial Kusakabe, accompanied by the Ministers and public functionaries, proceeds to the Palace of temporary interment and makes lamentation. 草壁皇太子、臣下を伴い天武天皇の殯宮に赴き慟哭。
	6 / 28	Criminals are pardoned. 罪人を赦免。
	7 / 2	A decree is issued that interest may not be received on any debts contracted during or previous to the year 685. 685年以前の負債者の利息を免除。
	8 / 5	Offerings of food are made at the Palace of temporary interment. 殯宮に穀物を供える。
	8 / 6	The aged people of the capital draw near and make lamentation west of the bridge. 飛鳥川西岸で老人たちが殯宮に向かって慟哭。
	8 / 28	300 priests are invited to the Temple of Asukadera, and each of them receives a priestly robe made of the august garments of Temmu Tenno. 高僧300人が飛鳥寺に召され、天武天皇の衣を使って縫った袈裟を賜わる。
	9 / 9	A national feast of vegetable food is given in the Temples of the capital. 都の諸寺で天武天皇の命日の法会が開かれる。
	10 / 22	The construction of the misasagi of Temmu Tenno begins. 天武天皇の陵墓の造営が始まる。
688 持統称制2年	1 / 1	The Prince Imperial Kusakabe, accompanied by the Ministers and public functionaries, goes to the Palace of temporary interment and makes lamentation. 草壁皇太子、臣下を伴い天武天皇の殯宮に赴き慟哭。
	1 / 8	A public great congregation is held in the Temple of Yakushiji. 薬師寺にて大法会が開かれる。
	2 / 16	The Empress issues a decree that it is absolutely necessary that abstinence shall be practiced in future on all days of national mourning. 天武天皇の命日にあたる9月9日に必ず法会を開くことを命じる詔。
	6 / 11	There is an Imperial decree, ordering that all prisoners throughout the Empire who has been guilty of capital crimes shall have their punishment mitigated by one degree. 罪人を罪一等減じる詔。
	7 / 11	There is great praying for rain. 雨乞いの儀式。
	8 / 10	Ohtomo no Yasumaro visits the Palace of temporary interment and pronounces an eulogy. 大伴安麻呂、殯宮に赴き誄を奉る。
	11 / 4	The Princes of the Blood, the Princes, the Ministers and public functionaries, as well as the guests from the frontier lands, go to the Palace of temporary interment and make lamentation. 皇族・群臣ら、殯宮に赴き慟哭。
689 持統称制3年	1 / 1	The Empress gives audience to the ten-thousand lands in the Front Hall. 人民を大極殿に朝賀させる。
	1 / 18 - 21	The Empress stays in the Palace of Yoshino. 吉野宮に行幸。
	2 / 13	The Empress gives orders that reliefs shall be sent for the Barrier Wardens of Tsukushi who completed their term of years. 筑紫の防人の任期を限り、満期になった防人を交代させるよう命じる詔。
	2 / 26	Judges are appointed. 判事を任命。
	3 / 24	A great amnesty. 大赦令。
	4 / 13	The Prince Imperial, Kusakabe no Miko, dies. He is 27 years of age. 草壁皇子薨去。享年27歳。
	7 / 15	Orders are given to the Governors of the provinces to build places for the practice of archery. 諸国に命じ、射撃の訓練施設を作らせる。
	8 / 4	The Empress visits the Palace of Yoshino. 吉野行幸。
	8 / 16	Preserved areas are set up in the sea of the provinces of Settsu, Iga and Kii. 摂津・伊賀・紀伊の海域に禁漁区を設ける。
	Intercalary 閏 8 / 10	The Empress orders the Governors of the provinces to let vagabonds be sought out and arrested, in order to make up the registers of population. 戸籍を作るため浮浪者の取締りを諸国に命じる。
	Intercalary 閏 8 / 27	Prince Kawachi is made Viceroy of Tsukushi. 河内王を筑紫大宰師に任命。
	10 / 11	The Empress visits the Castle of Takayasu. 高安城に行幸。
	11 / 8	Takata no Obito Iwanari is complimented on his proficiency in the use of the weapons, and presents are given him. 高田首石成、武術に秀でていることにより褒賞を賜る。
	12 / 8	The game of suguroku is prohibited. 双六を禁止する。

投稿者: Yuki 日時: 22:32 | パーマリンク

686 　天武天皇15年／朱鳥元年

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Month / Date 月 / 日	Events 出来事
1 / 2	The Emperor takes his place in the Great Hall of Audience and gives a banquet to the Princes and High Officials. He proposes conundrums to them and gives prizes to those who give the right answers. 天皇、大極殿にて宴会。皇族・王卿に問答遊びを行い、正解者に賞品を賜う。
1 / 10	The Princes and High Officials receive a present of upper garments and trousers, one suit each. 諸王卿に衣服一式を賜う。
1 / 13	Food and presents are given to scholars, professors of Philosophy, physicians and other men of talent, more than 20 persons in all. 博士、陰陽師、医師など20人以上に食料・禄を与える。
1 / 14	The Treasury Department at Naniwa takes fire and all the buildings other than the Arsenal offices are burnt. 難波の大蔵省で火災。武器庫以外の全建物が焼失。
1 / 16 thru 19	The Emperor gives a banquet every night. 天皇、連日宴会を催す。
4 / 19	More than 100 articles of tribute come from Silla. 新羅から100種類を超える献上物。
4 / 27 thru 5 / 9	Taki no Himemiko, Ohnu no Otome and other ladies are sent to the Shrine of Ise. 多紀皇女・大蕤娘らを伊勢神宮へ遣わす。
5 / 14	Rice is granted to the Great Temple of the Great Palace. 大官大寺に稲を奉納。
5 / 17	Promotion in rank is granted to the female officials of the Palace. 宮廷の女官の爵位を加増。
5 / 24	The Emperor's body is ill at ease. Accordingly the "Sutra of Yakushi" is expounded in the Temple of Kawaradera, and a "retreat" is held within the Palace. 天皇重態。川原寺で薬師経を説かせ、僧を宮中に安居させる。
5 /	By Imperial command, the Ohtoneri are sent to cleanse the Halls and Pagodas of the Temples. A genaral pardon throughout the Empire is proclaimed, and all prisoners are paroled. 大舎人らを諸寺へ遣わし、堂内を掃き清めさせる。また大赦令を発し、獄中の囚人をすべて赦免する。
6 / 1 thru 7	Official rank is bestowed on architects, students, body-physicians of the Emperor and those who have rendered good service. 技術者、学生、侍医、功労者などに爵位を授ける。
6 / 10	It is ascertained by divination that the Emperor's disease is owing to a curse from the Kusanagi sword, which is sent to the shrine of Atsuta and deposited there. 天皇の病を占い、草薙の剣に祟りがあると出る。熱田社に送り安置する。
6 / 12	Prayer is made for rain. 雨乞いの儀式。
6 / 16	Prince Ise and a number of officials are sent to the Temple of Asukadera to communicate to the priests the Emperor's commands to let them put up prayers. Offerings of rare and valuable things are accordingly made to the Three Precious Things, and each alms of one suit of Imperial garments and one Imperial coverlet are given to the priests. 伊勢王や官人を飛鳥寺に遣わし、僧に法会を開かせ、珍宝を奉り、僧衣一式を賜う。
6 / 19	Public functionaries are sent to the Temple of Kawaradera to exhibit lanterns and make offerings of food. So there is a great vegetarian feast, and repetance is made for sin. 川原寺で燃燈供養。
6 / 22	The kitchen office at Nabari is burnt. 名張の食料庫で火災。
7 / 2	The Emperor commands that men may wear leggings again and women may let down their hair on their backs, as is formerly the practice. 庶民の服装に関する規制を緩和する詔。
7 / 3	The Emperor commands the provinces to perform the ceremony of Oh-barai. 諸国に命じて大祓の儀式。
7 / 4	Half the commuted taxes are remitted throughout the Empire. All forced labor is dispensed with. 全国に課す調を半減。徭（労役）を免除。
7 / 5	Offerings are made to Kuni-gakari no Kami, who dwells in the province of Kii, to the four shrines of Asuka, and to the Great God of Sumiyoshi. 紀伊の国懸神社、飛鳥四社、住吉大社に奉幣。
7 / 8	100 priests are invited into the Palace, and made to read the Kon-kwo-myo Sutra. 僧100人を宮中に召し、金光明経を読ませる。
7 / 10	A thunder hit the buildings used by the Department of the Interior, for the storage of tax-cloth, which meets with destruction from Heaven. 民部省の倉庫が落雷に遭い焼失。
7 / 15	The Emperor gives orders that all matters of the Empire will be referred to the Empress-consort and the Prince Imperial. On this day a general amnesty is granted. 政を皇后・皇太子に託す。この日、大赦令。
7 / 19	An Imperial edict is issued to let all common people throughout the Empire who, owing to poverty, have contracted debts in rice or in valuables in or before the previous year be absolved from payment. 貧しい故に稲や穀類を借りた民の負債について、前年以前の分を免除する詔。
7 / 22	The style of the year is changed to Shucho (or Akamitori), 1st year. (Shucho means red-august-bird.) The Palace is accordingly entitled the Palace of Asuka Kiyomihara. (Asuka is written with two chinese characters 飛鳥 which mean "flying bird".) 【朱鳥元年(686)】改元し朱鳥と改める。宮を飛鳥浄御原と名付ける。
7 / 28	70 persons of pure conduct are selected to retire from the world. 僧70人を出家。
7 /	The Princes and Ministers make images of Kwannon for the Emperor's sake. Accordingly the Kwanze-on Sutra (Avalokites'vara) is expounded in the Great Temple of the Great Palace. 諸国の王ら、天皇のために観音像を造る。大官大寺で観音経の法会。
8 / 1 and 2	180 priests and nuns enter religion. 100 Bosatsu (Bodhisattva) are set up within the Palace and Kwannon Sutra read. 僧180人を出家。観音像100体を宮中に安置し、経を読ませる。
8 / 9	Prayer is made to the Shinto Gods of Heaven and Earth. 神祇に祈る。
8 / 13	Offerings are made to the Great God of Tosa. Kusakabe no Miko, Takechi no Miko and Ohtsu no Miko and others have each additions of their fiefs. 土佐国の大社に奉幣。草壁・高市・大津皇子らに封を加増。
8 / 15	Shiki no Miko and Shigi no Miko receive additions of their fiefs. The Temples are each granted fiefs. 志貴・磯城皇子に封を加増。各寺に対しても封を加増。
9 / 4	All, from the Princes of the Blood down to the Ministers, assembled in the Temple of Kawaradera, and put up vows for the Emperor's illness. 皇族・群臣ことごとく川原寺に集い、天皇のため誓願の儀式。
9 / 9	The Emperor dies. The Empress-consort Uno Sarara no Himemiko presides over the Court and exercises control. 天武天皇崩御。鸕野讃良皇女、称制開始。
9 / 11	A temporary burial Palace is erected in the South Court. 殯宮を南庭に建てる。
9 / 24	Mourning begins. 殯（もがり）の儀式が始まる。
9 / 27	Eulogies begins to be pronounced by the Princes of the Blood down to the Ministers. 皇族・群臣から誄（しのびごと）を奉る儀式が始まる。
10 / 2	Ohtsu no Miko, his treason being discovered, is placed under arrest. 大津皇子の謀反が発覚し、逮捕される。
10 / 3	Death is bestowed on Ohtsu no Miko in his house of Wosada. He is 24 years of age. His consort, Yamanobe no Himemiko, joins him in death. 大津皇子、訳語田の家にて死を賜う。享年24歳。山辺皇女、その後を追って殉死する。
11 / 16	Ohku no Himemiko, who has been sent to attend at the shrine of Ise, returns to the capital. 斎王・大伯皇女、退下・帰京。
11 / 17	An earthquake. 地震。
12 / 19	On behalf of the Emperor, a universal great assembly is held. 天武天皇を追悼する法会が開かれる。
Intercalary 閏 12 /	The Viceroy of Tsukushi sends as tribute common people, priests and nuns of the three countries of the Korean Peninsula. 筑紫の大宰府から朝鮮半島の農民・僧らが献上される。
	Ohku no Himemiko composes poems of lament of Mount Futagami in those days. このころ、大伯皇女による二上山の哀傷歌が詠まれる。

投稿者: Yuki 日時: 22:24 | パーマリンク

685 　天武天皇14年

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Month / Date 月 / 日	Events 出来事
1 / 21	The styles of official ranks are reformed so that there are in all 48 grades. There are two grades of Myo-i (bright-rank) and four grades of Jo-i (pure-rank), each grade being distinguished into Dai (great) and Kwo (broad) so as to form 12 grades in all. These grades are for persons not below the rank of Princes. Next there are four grades of Sho-i (true or first rank), four grades of Jiki-i (straight or direct rank), four grades of Gon-i (diligent-rank), four grades of Mu-i (earnest-rank), four grades of Tsui-i (following-rank) and four grades of Shin-i (advancing-rank). Each grade is divided into Dai and Kwo. These grades are the ranks of high officials. Kusakabe no Miko is granted the rank of Jo-kwo-ichi (pure-broad-first-rank), Ohtsu no Miko the rank of Jo-dai-ni (pure-great-second-rank), Takechi no Miko the rank of Jo-kwo-ni (pure-broad-second-rank), Kawashima no Miko and Wosakabe no Miko the rank of Jo-dai-san (pure-great-third-rank). 冠位四十八階制定。諸王以上に対しては明位二階と浄位四階、階ごとに大広あり全部で十二階とする。次いで諸臣に対して正位四階、直位四階、勤位四階、務位四階、追位四階、進位四階、各階ごとに大広あり。草壁皇子は浄広壱、大津皇子は浄大弐、高市皇子には浄広弐、川島皇子・忍壁皇子は浄大参の位を賜わる。
2 / 4	Degrees of rank are granted to men of Tang, of Paekche and of Koguryo, 147 persons in all. 唐・百済・高句麗の147人に爵位。
3 /	There is a rain of ashes in the province of Shinano, and the herbs and trees all wither up. 信濃国に火山灰が降り、草木が枯れる。
3 / 27	Orders are sent to all the provinces that in every house a Buddhist shrine should be provided, an image of Buddha with Buddhist scriptures placed there, and worship paid at these shrines. 国々で家毎に仏舎を作り仏像と経典を置いて礼拝せよとの詔。
4 / 4	The Governor of the province of Kii reports that the hot springs of Muro dried up and ceased to flow. 紀伊国司の報告によると、牟婁湯が埋もれたとのこと。
5 / 5	There is archery at the South Gate. The Emperor visits the Temple of Asuka, presents to the Buddha precious objects, and pays him reverence. 南門にて射会。飛鳥寺に行幸し、珍宝を仏像に献上し礼拝。
7 / 26	The colors of the Court costumes are settled for the first time. 朝服の色が初めて定められる。
7 / 27	All persons in the provinces from Mino and Ise eastwards are absolved from rendering forced labor. 美濃・伊勢以東の東国に対し課役を免除。
8 / 12 - 13	The Emperor visits the Temples of Jodoji and Kawaradera and gives alms of rice to the company of priests. 浄土寺・川原寺に行幸し、民に稲を施す。
9 / 9	The Emperor gives a banquet in the Court of the Audience Hall of the old Palace. Presents of cloth of various values are given to everyone from the Prince Imperial down to the Princes of Blood. 旧宮の安殿の庭で宴会。皇太子以下皇族に布を賜う。
9 / 11	An examination of the arms of the militia is held in the capital and the Home provinces. 京内および畿内の兵を校閲。
9 / 15	Commissioners make a tour to inspect the governors of provinces and of districts and the condition of the people. 使者を諸国へ派遣し、国司・郡司・農民の消息を巡察。
9 / 18	The Emperor takes his place in the Great Hall of Audience, summons to him the Princes and Ministers before the Hall, and makes them gamble. 天皇、大安殿にて王卿を召して双六を行う。
9 / 24	The Emperor becomes unwell. On account of it, Buddhist scriptures are read for three days in the Great Temple of the Great Palace, and in the Temples of Kawaradera and Asukadera. 天皇、病を得る。そのため大官大寺・飛鳥寺・川原寺にて3日間の読経。
10 / 10	Officers are sent to Shinano with instructions to prepare a temporary palace near the hot spring of Asama in Chikuma County (the intension probably is that the Emperor will visit the hot spring). 信濃国の筑摩郡の浅間温泉付近に宮を造営させる（療養のためか）。
10 / 12	Prince Hatsuse and inferior officers to the number of twenty persons in all, are appointed to carry out the works in the Home provinces. 泊瀬王ら20人を畿内の労役に任ず。
10 / 17	Prince Ise and his colleagues go again to the Eastern provinces. 伊勢王らを再度東国へ派遣。
10 /	The "Kongo-hanya (Vadjra Pradjna) Sutra" is expounded in the Palace. 宮中にて金剛般若経を説かしむ。
11 / 24	The ceremony of "calling on the spirit" is performed for the Emperor's sake. 天皇のため招魂（魂振り。魂が体から遊離しないよう鎮める）を行う。
12 / 4	The frontier guards sent to Tsukushi are tossed about in mid ocean, and all lose their clothing. Accordingly cloth are sent to Tsukushi to make clothing for them. 筑紫に派遣中の防人が海中に遭難、衣服を失ったため、布を筑紫に送る。
12 / 10	An earthquake begins from the West. 西国で地震。
12 / 16	Alms of silk and cloth are given to the priests of the Great Temple in the Great Palace. 大官大寺に綿布を施す。
12 / 19	The Empress-consort presents the Princes and high officials with Court costume, one suit to each. 皇后の命により、王卿らに朝服一式を賜う。

投稿者: Yuki 日時: 22:21 | パーマリンク

684 　天武天皇13年

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Month / Date 月 / 日	Events 出来事
1 / 23	Men skilled in archery show shooting performance in the Eastern Court. 宮殿東庭にて弓の名手による射会。
2 / 28	The Emperor sends Prince Hirose, Ohtomo no Yasumaro and others to the Home provinces to determine by divination a site suitable for the capital. Prince Mino and others are sent to Shinano to inspect the conformation of the ground. 広瀬王、大伴安麻呂らに命じ、新都建設地を視察。三野王らを信濃に派遣し、地形調査。
3 / 9	The Emperor makes a visit to the capital and decides on the site for a palace. 天皇、飛鳥周辺を巡り、新都建設地を決定。
4 / 5	All persons with sentences of not more than lesser banishment are pardoned. 徒刑以下の刑を免除。
4 / 20	The Emperor sends Envoys to Silla. 遣新羅使を派遣。
Intercalary 閏 4 / 5	The Emperor makes a decree prescribing that he will held an inspection, ordering all civil and military officials to practise the use of arms and to provide an adequate supply of weapons. A further edict about the clothing of people is made. 諸国を閲兵のため巡幸する旨予告する詔。軍備増強を命じる。また庶民の衣服に関する詔。
Intercalary 閏 4 / 11	Prince Mino and his colleagues present a map of the province of Shinano. 三野王らが信濃国の地図を献上。
Intercalary 閏 4 / 16	A vegetarian feast is prepared within the Palace. A pardon is given to the Toneri who has been guilty of offences. 宮中設斎。罪ある舎人の赦免が行われる。
Intercalary 閏 4 / 24	A priest of Asukadera is condemned and thrown into prison. 飛鳥寺の僧が罪を犯し獄に入る。
Intercalary 閏 4 / 29	The priest commits suicide by cutting his throat in the prison. その僧が獄中で自ら頸を刺して自殺。
5 / 14	23 people emigrated from Paekche are settled in the province of Musashi. 来日した百済人23人を武蔵国に住まわせる。
5 / 28	Envoys are sent to Koguryo. 遣高句麗使を派遣。
6 / 4	Prayer is offered for rain. 雨乞いの儀式。
7 / 23	A comet appears in the Northwest, more than ten feet long. 長さ1丈余りの巨大な彗星が西北の空に現れる。
10 / 1	The Emperor institutes eight titles of eight classes: Mabito, Ason, Sukune, Imiki, Michinoshi, Omi, Muraji and Inaki. 真人、朝臣、宿禰、忌寸、道師、臣、連、稲置の八色の姓制定。
10 / 3	Prince Ise and his colleages are sent again to determine the boundaries of the provinces. 伊勢王ら、再度諸国調査に遣わされる。
10 / 14	At the hour of the boar (10 pm), there is a great earthquake that has never happened before. Throughout the country men and women shriek aloud. The people, houses, temples, shrines and domestic animals are greatly damaged. The hot springs of Iyo are dried up at this time. In the province of Tosa cultivated land is swallowed up and becomes sea. It is recorded that a new island forms at Idzu. 亥の刻、大地震発生。未曾有の大震災。国中の人々、叫びまどう。人民・家屋・寺社・家畜に甚大な被害。伊予では温泉が埋もれ、土佐では田畑が海に没し、伊豆では新しい島ができたとの記録。
10 / 16	Presents are made to the Princes and Ministers. 諸国の王卿、禄を賜わる。
11 / 21	At dusk the seven stars drift together to the Northeast and sink. From that time the constellations are wholly disordered and stars fall like rain until the 23rd day or around. 流れ星が7つ北東の空に落ちるのを皮切りに23日ごろまで大小無数の流星が発生。異常な空が続く。
12 / 6	The Envoys and students who were carried off to Tang during the Paekche campaign, arrive by way of Silla. 百済の役の際に唐に幽閉されていた遣唐使らが新羅に到着。
12 / 13	There is a general pardon to all criminals except those guilty of capital crimes. 死刑以外の罪人を赦免。
	In this year it is notified to the provinces of Iga, Ise, Mino and Owari that either payment of commuted taxes or forced labor will be remitted for the future. この年、伊賀・伊勢・美濃・尾張に対し、調と役のいずれかを免除する詔。

投稿者: Yuki 日時: 22:17 | パーマリンク

683 　天武天皇12年

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Month / Date 月 / 日	Events 出来事
2 / 1	Ohtsu no Miko for the first time attends to matters of State. 大津皇子、朝政を聴く。
3 / 2	The Emperor founds the system on priests and nuns. The offices of Sojo, Sodzu and Risshi are set up. 天皇、僧に関する制度を制定。僧正・僧都・律師の位を設ける。
4 / 15	The Emperor makes a decree that henceforth copper coins must be used, and not silver coins. 天皇、銀銭を廃止し銅銭の使用を命令。
4 / 18	A decree is issued to let the use of silver be not discontinued. 銀銭の使用を止めぬよう命令。
6 / 3	Ohtomo no Umakuta dies. For his services in the battle of Jinshin, the Emperor grants him the posthumous title of Daishi, and burial with beat of drum and blowing of horns. 壬申の乱の功労者・大伴望多薨去。大紫位を追贈し、盛大に葬送。
7 / 4	The Emperor goes to the house of the Princess Kagami-hime and makes kind inquiry as to her illness. 天武天皇、病を得た鏡姫王を見舞う。
7 / 5	Kagami-hime dies. 鏡姫王薨去。
7 / 15	Prayer is made for rain on account of the drought beginning this month. この月発生した日照りのため、雨乞いの儀式。
8 / 5	Ohtomo no Fukei dies. For his services in the battle of Jinshin, he is granted the posthumous rank of Middle Daikin. A general amnesty is ordered. 壬申の乱の功労者・大伴吹負が没。大錦中位を追贈。大赦令。
9 / 2	A great storm. 台風。
9 / 23	The title is granted to main 38 houses. 主要な氏族38氏に姓を賜う。
10 / 5	The title is granted to 14 houses. 氏族14氏に姓を賜う。
10 / 13	The Emperor goes a hunting to Kurahashi. 天皇、倉梯にて狩り。
11 / 4	An Imperial command is given to all the provinces to engage in military training. 諸国に陣法博士を派遣して兵法の教習を実施。
12 / 13	The Emperor sends Prince Ise, Oh no Honji and others to make a tour through the Empire and determine the boundaries of the provinces. They are unable, however, to detemine them all. 伊勢王、多品治らを諸国に派遣し、国境の調査を実施したが、不成功。
12 / 17	The Emperor issues a decree ordering all the civil and military officials and all persons of rank not fail to present themselves at Court on the first day of the 1st, 4th, 7th and 10th months. He makes a decree to make the Capital at Naniwa like Tang, where capitals are constructed in several places, not in one place only. 天皇、詔を発し、官人・畿内の有位人に対し、1月・4月・7月・10月の1日に必ず朝参するよう命じる。また唐にならって複都制を提唱し、難波宮に都を造営する詔。
	Karu no Miko is born this year. この年、珂瑠皇子生まれる。

投稿者: Yuki 日時: 22:13 | パーマリンク

682 　天武天皇11年

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Month / Date 月 / 日	Events 出来事
1 / 18	The Lady Higami dies within the Palace. 氷上娘、宮中にて薨去。
1 / 19	An earthquake occurs. 地震発生。
1 / 27	The Lady Higami is buried at Akaho, where Towochi no Himemiko is also buried. 氷上娘を十市皇女と同じ赤穂に葬。
2 /	Toneri no Miyakko Nukamushi, who made a great contribution to the Emperor during the Jinshin war, dies. 壬申の乱の功労者・舎人連糠虫没。
3 / 1	Prince Mino and others are sent to Niiki to examine the conformation of the ground for building a new capital. 三野王らに命じて、新城に新都造営のため地形などの下見をさせる。
3 / 2	Twenty-two Yemishi of the province of Michinoku are granted dignities. 陸奥国の蝦夷22人に爵位を賜う。
3 / 7	An earthquake occurs. 地震発生。
3 / 16	The Emperor visits Niiki. 新城行幸。
3 / 28	The Emperor issues a decree forbidding the Japanese-style cap of ranks and garments, and changing them into Chinese ones. Moreover, an edict is addressed to all from the Ministers who has been granted sustenance-fiefs, discontinuing all such fiefs and directing that they should be returned to the State. 服装に関する禁令。従来の日本古来の冠・衣服を禁じ、中国の制度に変えようとしているもの。また官人の食封の一旦返還を命令（食封制度の見直しによるものと思われる）。
4 / 23	The Emperor makes a decree forbidding men to wear leggings and women to let down their hair on their backs. It is from this time that the practice begins of women riding on horseback like men. 男子の髷、女子の垂髪を禁ずる詔。この頃から、婦女が男性と同じように馬にまたがって乗るようになる。
5 / 12	Yamato no Aya no Atae and others are granted the title of Muraji. 倭漢直ら、姓を賜わり連となる。
7 / 3	Satsuma Hayato come in numbers to the Palace with tribute. Wrestling is performed in Court. 薩摩隼人、大挙して朝廷に献上のため上京。相撲を披露。
7 / 9	Kashiwade no Omi Maro, the veteran who did great services during the Jinshin war, takes ill. Kusakabe no Miko and Takechi no Miko are sent to make kind inquiry as to his illness. 壬申の功労者・膳臣摩漏が病を得る。草壁皇子・高市皇子が遣わされ膳臣摩漏を見舞う。
7 / 17	An earthquake. 地震。
7 / 18	Kashiwade no Omi Maro dies. The Emperor is shocked, and laments greatly. 膳臣摩漏没。天武天皇驚き大いに発哀。
8 / 1	All from the Princes of the Blood down to the Ministers are each made to bring forward matters suitable for framing regulations. 天武天皇、皇族・群臣を前に令に関する意見を聞く。
8 / 3	This evening at twilight a great star passes from the East to the West. 戌の刻（午後8時頃）、大きな流れ星。
8 / 5	There is a great rainbow within the Palace where laws are drawn up. 令の編纂中の建物内に大きな虹。
8 / 11	A thing appears and flows in shape like a Buddhist baptismal flag and of a flame color. It is seen by all the provinces. 人魂のような物体が空中を浮かぶのを全国で発見。
8 / 12	There is a great earthquake. There is another earthquake on the 17th day. 大地震。17日にも余震。
8 / 17	There is a rainbow at dawn. 未明、大きな虹。
8 / 22	The Emperor issues an edict prescribing the character of ceremonies and language to be used on occasions of ceremony. 宮廷における礼儀、言葉遣いなどを規定した詔を発布。
8 / 28	On account of the illness of Hidaka no Himemiko, an Imperial command is given for the pardon of persons who are guilty of capital or lesser crimes. 氷高皇女が病にかかったため、特赦。
8 / 29	More than 140 persons renounce the world in the Great Temple of the Great Palace. 大官大寺に140人余りを出家させる。
9 / 2	Ceremonial kneeling and crawling are both abolished, and the ceremonial custom of standing of the Tang Court is practiced. 跪礼（ひざまづき両手を地に着ける礼）、匍匐礼（宮門への出入りの際に両手を地に着け足をかが

HIMEMIKO*WEB

2006年01月21日

Websites of Note リンク集

Natsumi Templesite, Mie三重・夏見廃寺

♣ Maps & Transportation 地図及交通機関

Directions 行き方

♣ Hours of Operation 開館時間

♣ Admission Rates 料金

♣ Parking Lot Information 駐車場

♣ Contact 問い合わせ先

♣ Related Sites 関連サイト

Ise Jingu Shrine, Mie 三重・伊勢神宮

♣ Maps & Transportation 地図及交通機関

Directions 行き方

♣ Hours of Operation 開館時間

♣ Admission Rates 料金

♣ Parking Lot Information 駐車場

♣ Contact 問い合わせ先

♣ Related Websites 関連サイト

Himegamisha Shrine & Akoh Shrine, Nara 奈良・比売神社及赤穂神社

♣ Maps & Transportation 地図及交通機関

Directions 行き方

♣ Hours of Operation 開館時間

♣ Admission 料金

♣ Parking Lot Information 駐車場

♣ Related Websites 関連サイト

2006年01月15日

696 持統天皇10年

695 持統天皇9年

694 持統天皇8年

693 持統天皇7年

692 持統天皇6年

690 and 691 持統天皇4年～持統天皇5年

687 through 689 持統称制元年～持統称制3年

686 天武天皇15年／朱鳥元年

685 天武天皇14年

684 天武天皇13年

683 天武天皇12年

682 天武天皇11年

Websites of Note 　リンク集

Natsumi Templesite, Mie
三重・夏見廃寺

♣ Maps & Transportation 　地図及交通機関

Directions 　行き方

♣ Hours of Operation 　開館時間

♣ Admission Rates 　料金

♣ Parking Lot Information 　駐車場

♣ Contact 　問い合わせ先

♣ Related Sites 　関連サイト

Ise Jingu Shrine, Mie
三重・伊勢神宮

♣ Maps & Transportation 　地図及交通機関

Directions 　行き方

♣ Hours of Operation 　開館時間

♣ Admission Rates 　料金

♣ Parking Lot Information 　駐車場

♣ Contact 　問い合わせ先

♣ Related Websites 　関連サイト

Himegamisha Shrine & Akoh Shrine, Nara
奈良・比売神社及赤穂神社

♣ Maps & Transportation 　地図及交通機関

Directions 　行き方

♣ Hours of Operation 　開館時間

♣ Admission 　料金

♣ Parking Lot Information 　駐車場

♣ Related Websites 　関連サイト

696 　持統天皇10年

695 　持統天皇9年

694 　持統天皇8年

693 　持統天皇7年

692 　持統天皇6年

690 and 691 　持統天皇4年～持統天皇5年

687 through 689 　持統称制元年～持統称制3年

686 　天武天皇15年／朱鳥元年

685 　天武天皇14年

684 　天武天皇13年

683 　天武天皇12年

682 　天武天皇11年